Rig Veda 10.59.1: Mandala 10, Sukta 59, Mantra 1

Sukta 10.59

Devata: Āyuṣ (life) and the banishment of Nirṛti (dissolution); protective/āyuṣya orientation

Chandas: त्रिष्टुभ् (probable; longer pādas with complex cadence)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

प्र तार्यायुः प्रतरं नवीय स्थातारेव क्रतुमता रथस्य । अध च्यवान उत्तवीत्यर्थं परातरं सु निॠतिर्जिहीताम् ॥

Transliteration

prá tāri ā́yuḥ prá-taraṃ navī́yaḥ sthātā́rāiva krátu-matā ráthasya | ádha cyávāna útta-vītý árthaṃ parā́-taraṃ sú níḥ-ṛ́tiḥ jihītām ||

Translation

Carry forward our life into a farther, ever-newer advance, as steady drivers of a chariot by the power of conscious will; then, moving onward, may we win the higher aim, and may Nirṛti—the force of dissolution—withdraw far away.

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Word by Word

• प्र: forth, forward
• प्र: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्र (upasarga)

• तार्यायुः: Tāryāyu (a person/name); lit. ‘having/bringing saving life’
• तार्यायुः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: तार्यायु (prātipadika; tatpuruṣa: तार्य- + आयुस्)

• प्रत॒रम्: more forward; further (as an adverb)
• प्रत॒रम्: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Adjective (comparative)
• Root: प्रतर (comparative prātipadika from प्र + तर)

• नवीयः: newer; more newly (as an adverb)
• नवीयः: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Adjective (comparative)
• Root: नव (comparative stem नवीयस्)

• स्थातारम्: the establisher, the one who sets/places
• स्थातारम्: Karma
• Type: Noun (agent)
• Root: स्थातार् (agent noun from √स्था ‘to stand’)

• इव: like, as
• इव: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव

• क्रतुमता: with resolve/power; by (one) endowed with will
• क्रतुमता: Karaṇa
• Type: Adjective
• Root: क्रतु-मत् (possessive adj. from क्रतु ‘resolve, power’)

• रथस्य: of the chariot
• रथस्य: Sambandha
• Type: Noun
• Root: रथ (prātipadika)

• अध: then, now, thereafter
• अध: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अध

• च्यवानः: having moved/fallen away; slipping
• च्यवानः: Kartā
• Type: Participle
• Root: च्यवान (kṛdanta from √च्यु ‘to move, fall, slip’)

• उत्तवीति: in the ‘upward/outer course/going forth’ (a course/track/advance)
• उत्तवीति: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: उत्तवीति (prātipadika; Vedic abstract/action noun)

• अर्थम्: aim, purpose, goal
• अर्थम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्थ (prātipadika)

• परातरम्: more distant, farther away
• परातरम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective (comparative)
• Root: परातर (comparative prātipadika from परा + तर)

• सु: well, wholly, completely
• सु: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सु

• निॠतिः: Nirṛti (goddess of dissolution/misfortune); destruction
• निॠतिः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: निॠति (prātipadika)

• जिहीताम्: let her leave/abandon; may she depart
• जिहीताम्: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √हा (जहाति ‘to leave, abandon’) with desiderative/reduplicated stem जिही-