Rig Veda 10.55.3: Mandala 10, Sukta 55, Mantra 3

Sukta 10.55

Devata: A cosmic ordering power within the hymn’s frame (likely Indra as organizer, though hymn-level confirmation needed)

Chandas: Trishtubh (probable)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

आ रोदसी अपृणादोत मध्यं पञ्च देवाँ ऋतुशः सप्तसप्त । चतुस्त्रिंशता पुरुधा वि चष्टे सरूपेण ज्योतिषा विव्रतेन ॥

Transliteration

ā́ rodasī́ apṛṇād ótá mádhyaṃ páñca devā́ṃ ṛtu-śáḥ saptá-sapta | cátuḥ-triṃśatā purudhā́ ví caṣṭe sarū́peṇa jyótiṣā vívratena ||

Translation

He filled the two worlds and also the mid-region; (he set) the five gods according to the seasons, the seven-and-seven. By the thirty-two he beholds in many ways, with a light of one likeness yet of wide-ranging law.

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Word by Word

• आ: forth, up; (prefix)
• आ: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आ (उपसर्ग)

• रोदसी: the two worlds (heaven and earth)
• रोदसी: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: रोदसी (प्रातिपदिक; द्विवचन-नित्य)

• अपृणात्: filled, made full
• अपृणात्: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: पॄ (पॄणाति) / पृ (वर्धने/पूरणे)

• उत: and, also
• उत: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उत

• मध्यम्: the middle region (midspace)
• मध्यम्: Karma
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: मध्य (प्रातिपदिक)

• पञ्च: five
• पञ्च: —
• Type: Numeral
• Root: पञ्चन्

• देवान्: the gods
• देवान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)

• ऋतुशः: season by season; in due order
• ऋतुशः: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ऋतुशस् (अव्यय; ऋतु + शस्)

• सप्तसप्त: seven and seven (each seven)
• सप्तसप्त: —
• Type: Numeral
• Root: सप्त (संख्या) + सप्त (पुनरुक्त-समास)

• चतुःत्रिंशता: with thirty-two
• चतुःत्रिंशता: Karaṇa
• Type: Numeral
• Root: चतुःत्रिंशत् (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)

• पुरुधा: in many ways, variously
• पुरुधा: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पुरुधा

• वि: apart, distinctly (prefix)
• वि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वि (उपसर्ग)

• चष्टे: sees, beholds, makes manifest
• चष्टे: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: चक्ष् (चष्टे)

• सरूपेण: with like/form-matching (form)
• सरूपेण: Karaṇa
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सरूप (प्रातिपदिक)

• ज्योतिषा: with light, by radiance
• ज्योतिषा: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: ज्योतिस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• विव्रतेन: with distinct ordinance/observance; with separate rule
• विव्रतेन: Karaṇa
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विव्रत (प्रातिपदिक; वि-व्रत)