Rig Veda 10.110.7: Mandala 10, Sukta 110, Mantra 7

Sukta 10.110

Devata: Daivyau Hotārā (the divine pair of invokers; often aligned with ritual functions and inner powers of invocation)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; requires pada-count verification)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

दैव्या होतारा प्रथमा सुवाचा मिमाना यज्ञं मनुषो यजध्यै । प्रचोदयन्ता विदथेषु कारू प्राचीनं ज्योतिः प्रदिशा दिशन्ता ॥

Transliteration

daivyā́ hótārā prathamā́ suvā́cā mímānā yajñáṃ mánuṣo yájadhyai | pracodáyantā vidáthēṣu kārū́ prācī́naṃ jyótiḥ pradiśā́ diśántā ||

Translation

The divine Hotars, first in their right utterance, measure out the sacrifice for man to offer. They awaken the inspired maker in the assemblies, pointing out the forward light and assigning its directions within the being.

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Word by Word

• दैव्यौ: the two divine
• दैव्यौ: विशेषण (कर्तृपदस्य)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दैव्य- (देव- < दिव् ‘to shine’, adj. stem)

• होतारौ: two Hotṛ-priests (invokers)
• होतारौ: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: होतृ- (√हु ‘to sacrifice, offer’ + तृ)

• प्रथमौ: first, foremost
• प्रथमौ: विशेषण (होतारौ)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रथम-

• सुवाचौ: well-speaking, of good utterance
• सुवाचौ: विशेषण (होतारौ)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सु-वाच- (सु + वाच् ‘speech’)

• मिमानौ: (they) measure out / fashion
• मिमानौ: कर्तृ (होतारौ) क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √मा ‘to measure, form’ (reduplicated present stem मि-मा-)

• यज्ञम्: the sacrifice
• यज्ञम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: यज्ञ- (√यज् ‘to worship, sacrifice’)

• मनुषः: of Manu / of the man (human)
• मनुषः: सम्बन्ध (यज्ञस्य)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मनु-ष्/मनुष्य- (मनु- ‘Manu’ > ‘human’)

• यजध्यै: to sacrifice, in order to worship
• यजध्यै: प्रयोजन (उद्देश्य)
• Type: Verb (infinitive)
• Root: √यज् ‘to worship, sacrifice’

• प्रचोदयन्तौ: impelling, urging on
• प्रचोदयन्तौ: कर्तृ (होतारौ) विशेषण
• Type: Verb (participle)
• Root: प्र-√चुद् ‘to impel, incite’

• विदथेषु: in the assemblies / ritual sessions
• विदथेषु: अधिकरण
• Type: Noun
• Root: विदथ-

• कारू: the singer/poet (the inspired one)
• कारू: कर्तृ (प्रचोदयन्तौ इत्यस्य सहवाच्यः/सहकर्ता-भावः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कारु-

• प्राचीनम्: eastern, forward-facing
• प्राचीनम्: विशेषण (ज्योतिः)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्राचीन-

• ज्योतिः: light, radiance
• ज्योतिः: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: ज्योतिस्-

• प्रदिशा: by (their) direction / by indication
• प्रदिशा: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्र-दिश्- (प्र + √दिश् ‘to point out, show’)

• दिशन्तौ: showing, indicating, assigning
• दिशन्तौ: कर्तृ (होतारौ) क्रिया
• Type: Verb (participle)
• Root: √दिश् ‘to show, point out, assign’