Rig Veda 1.83.2: Mandala 1, Sukta 83, Mantra 2

Sukta 1.83

Devata: Indra (hymn context), with divine Waters and the Gods collectively active

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

आपो न देवीरुप यन्ति होत्रियमवः पश्यन्ति विततं यथा रजः । प्राचैर्देवासः प्र णयन्ति देवयुं ब्रह्मप्रियं जोषयन्ते वरा इव ॥

Transliteration

ā́po ná devī́r úpa yanti hotríyam aváḥ paśyanti ví-tataṃ yáthā rájaḥ | prācáir devā́saḥ prá nayanti deva-yúṃ bráhma-priyaṃ joṣayante varā́ iva ||

Translation

Like goddesses the waters draw near to the priest of the offering; they behold the wide-stretched field as one sees the open space. With forward-leading powers the gods guide the god-seeking one, the lover of the sacred word, and cherish him as bridegrooms cherish a chosen bride.

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Word by Word

• आपः: waters
• आपः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: अप् (प्रातिपदिक ‘अप्’)

• न: like, as
• न: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• देवीः: goddesses
• देवीः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: देवी (देव- प्रातिपदिक)

• उप: towards, near
• उप: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उप

• यन्ति: go, proceed
• यन्ति: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: या (याति)

• होत्रियम्: the hotṛ-priest / that which pertains to the Hotṛ (the officiant)
• होत्रियम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: होत्रिय (होतृ-सम्बद्ध प्रातिपदिक)

• अवः: help, aid, protection
• अवः: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: अवस्

• पश्यन्ति: see, behold
• पश्यन्ति: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश् (पश्यति)

• विततम्: spread out, extended
• विततम्: कर्म (विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective (PPP)
• Root: वि-तन् (कृदन्त: वितत)

• यथा: as, just as
• यथा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा

• रजः: space, airy region; (also) dust/mist
• रजः: उपमान (तुल्योपमा)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रजस्

• प्राचैः: with those facing east / with eastern (ones)
• प्राचैः: करण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्राञ्च् (प्राच्- प्रातिपदिक)

• देवासः: the gods
• देवासः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव

• प्र: forth, forward
• प्र: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्र

• णयन्ति: lead, guide
• णयन्ति: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: नी (णयति; causative of √नी)

• देवयुम्: the god-seeking / devoted (one)
• देवयुम्: कर्म
• Type: Adjective/Noun
• Root: देवयु (देव-यु ‘देव-इच्छु/देव-प्रिय’)

• ब्रह्मप्रियम्: dear to sacred speech/prayer (brahman)
• ब्रह्मप्रियम्: कर्म (विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ब्रह्मप्रिय (ब्रह्मन् + प्रिय)

• जोषयन्ते: they cause to enjoy/favor; they delight in
• जोषयन्ते: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: जुष् (जोषयते; causative/denominative-like in Vedic usage)

• वराः: suitors/choosers; excellent ones
• वराः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: वर

• इव: like
• इव: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव