Rig Veda 1.174.5: Mandala 1, Sukta 174, Mantra 5

Sukta 1.174

Rishi: Agastya Māna (traditional; verify).

Devata: Indra

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; confirm).

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

वह कुत्समिन्द्र यस्मिञ्चाकन्त्स्यूमन्यू ऋज्रा वातस्याश्वा । प्र सूरश्चक्रं वृहतादभीकेऽभि स्पृधो यासिषद्वज्रबाहुः ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 1.174.5

Transliteration

váha kútsam indra yásmiṃ cā́kans syūmanyū́ ṛjrā́ vā́tasya áśvā | prá sū́raś cakráṃ vṛhatād abhī́ke ’bhí spṛ́dho yā́siṣad vájra-bāhuḥ ||

Translation

Bear Kutsa, O Indra, in whom the uplifted ardour is awake, and the straight horses of the Wind are yoked. The Sun sets forward the wide wheel in the near encounter; the arm of the thunderbolt presses on against all rivalries.

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Word by Word

• सः: he
• सः: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) → स

• कुत्सम्: Kutsa (the seer/hero)
• कुत्सम्: Karma
• Type: Noun (proper name)
• Root: कुत्स (प्रातिपदिक)

• इन्द्रः: Indra
• इन्द्रः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: इन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• यस्मिन्: in whom / in which
• यस्मिन्: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• च: and
• च: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• अकन्: he made / he effected
• अकन्: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: कन् (धातु; ‘कनति/कनयति’ इत्यादि; वैदिक प्रयोगः)

• स्युमन्युः: of swift wrath / having impetuous spirit
• स्युमन्युः: Kartā (as epithet of Indra) / or apposition
• Type: Noun/Adjective (epithet)
• Root: स्यु-मन्यु (प्रातिपदिक; ‘स्यु’ + ‘मन्यु’)

• ऋज्राः: the ruddy ones
• ऋज्राः: Kartā (of implied verb ‘are/ran’) / apposition
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: ऋज्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• वातस्य: of the wind
• वातस्य: Sambandha
• Type: Noun
• Root: वात (प्रातिपदिक)

• अश्वाः: horses
• अश्वाः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: अश्व (प्रातिपदिक)

• प्र: forth / forward
• प्र: —
• Type: Indeclinable (preverb)
• Root: प्र

• सूरः: the hero
• सूरः: Kartā
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: सूर (प्रातिपदिक)

• चक्रं: wheel
• चक्रं: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: चक्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• वृहतात्: let (him) make great / let (it) grow
• वृहतात्: Kriyā
• Type: Verb (Vedic injunctive/imperative nuance)
• Root: वृह् (धातु) / वृहत् (विशेषण-प्रातिपदिक)

• अभीके: in the near encounter / at close quarters
• अभीके: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: अभीक (प्रातिपदिक)

• अभि: against / toward
• अभि: —
• Type: Indeclinable (preverb)
• Root: अभि

• स्पृधः: rivalries / hostile contests
• स्पृधः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्पृध् (स्त्री. प्रातिपदिक ‘स्पृध्’)

• यासिषत्: he drove/urged on / he went forth
• यासिषत्: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: या (धातु)

• वज्रबाहुः: the one whose arm is the vajra (Indra)
• वज्रबाहुः: Kartā
• Type: Noun (epithet)
• Root: वज्र-बाहु (प्रातिपदिक; समासः)