Rig Veda 1.145.4: Mandala 1, Sukta 145, Mantra 4

Sukta 1.145

Rishi: Dīrghatamas Aucathya (traditional for RV 1.145)

Devata: Agni (inner fire/divine will)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

उपस्थायं चरति यत्समारत सद्यो जातस्तत्सार युज्येभिः । अभि श्वान्तं मृशते नान्द्ये मुदे यदीं गच्छन्त्युशतीरपिष्ठितम् ॥

Transliteration

upa-sthā́yaṃ carati yát sam-ā́rat sadyó jātás tat-sā́ra yújyebhiḥ | abhí śvā́ntaṃ mṛśate nā́ndye mudé yad ī́ṃ gácchanty uśatī́r api-sthitám ||

Translation

He moves taking his stand close within (the human seat), when he has come together into right order; newly born, he runs with his yoking powers. The desiring energies touch him in joy and gladness, when they go to him who is established near, as to a resting flame.

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Word by Word

• उपस्थायम्: (his) lap / bosom (as the place approached)
• उपस्थायम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: उपस्थ (प्रातिपदिक) < उप-स्था (उप + √स्था)

• चरति: moves, goes, proceeds
• चरति: कर्तृ
• Type: Verb
• Root: √चर् (चरति)

• यत्: which, that which
• यत्: (सम्बन्ध/अन्वय)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• सम्: together, completely
• सम्: (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सम् (उपसर्ग)

• आरत: reached, came up to
• आरत: कर्तृ
• Type: Verb
• Root: √ऋ (आ + √ऋ / √अर् ‘to move, reach’—वैदिक रूप)

• सद्यः: immediately
• सद्यः: (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सद्यः (अव्यय)

• जातः: born
• जातः: कर्तृ
• Type: Participle
• Root: √जन् → जात (क्त-प्रत्यय)

• तत्: that (thing), it
• तत्: कर्म/सम्बन्ध
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• सार: run forth!, hasten!
• सार: (आह्वान/प्रेरणा)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √सृ (सरति) / √सॄ (वैदिक ‘to run/flow’)—आदेशरूप ‘सार’ (आज्ञार्थ/विधिलिङ्-छन्दसि)

• युज्येभिः: with the yoked ones / with suitable companions (helpers)
• युज्येभिः: करण
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: युज्य (प्रातिपदिक; √युज् ‘to yoke’ → युज्य ‘fit for yoking/companions’)

• अभि: towards, upon
• अभि: (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अभि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• श्वान्तम्: the panting one
• श्वान्तम्: कर्म
• Type: Adjective
• Root: श्वान्त (प्रातिपदिक; √श्वन्/श्वा ‘to pant’ → ‘panting’)

• मृशते: touches, strokes
• मृशते: कर्तृ
• Type: Verb
• Root: √मृश् (मृशते)

• नान्द्ये: in joy, in delight
• नान्द्ये: अधिकरण
• Type: Noun
• Root: नान्द्य (प्रातिपदिक; ‘joy, delight’)

• मुदे: for gladness, for pleasure
• मुदे: सम्प्रदान
• Type: Noun
• Root: मुद् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘gladness’)

• यदा: when
• यदा: (सम्बन्ध/काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यदा (अव्यय)

• ईम्: him, it
• ईम्: कर्म
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ईम् (अव्यय; एनम्/इमम्-प्रत्ययात्मक ‘him/it’)

• गच्छन्ति: go, come
• गच्छन्ति: कर्तृ
• Type: Verb
• Root: √गम् (गच्छति)

• उशतीः: the eager (women/ones)
• उशतीः: कर्तृ
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: उशती (प्रातिपदिक; √वश्/उश् ‘to desire’ → ‘desiring, eager’)

• अपिष्ठितम्: the set/placed (one), the firmly established
• अपिष्ठितम्: कर्म
• Type: Participle/Adjective
• Root: अपिष्ठित (प्रातिपदिक; a- + पिष्ठित, √पिष्ठ्/पिष् ‘to press/bruise’ → ‘pressed/firmly set’; वैदिक अर्थ ‘set/placed close’)