Shloka 19

Devanagari script

अन्वीयमानो रक्षोभिर्ययौ सुखमरिन्दमः।हनुमांश्चारयामास राक्षसानां महापुरीम्।।5.53.19।।

Transliteration

anvīyamāno rakṣobhir yayau sukham arindamaḥ | hanumānś cārayāmāsa rākṣasānāṁ mahāpurīm ||5.53.19||

Translation

ເມື່ອຖືກພວກຣາກສະສາຕາມຫຼັງ ຮານຸມານ—ຜູ້ປາບສັດຕູ—ກໍເດີນໄປຢ່າງສະບາຍ ແລະດັ່ງນັ້ນໄດ້ທ່ອງຜ່ານມະຫານະຄອນຂອງພວກຣາກສະສາ.

Word by Word

• अन्वीयमानः: being followed
• अन्वीयमानः: कर्तृ-विशेषण (subject qualifier)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अनु + इ (धातु) → अन्वीयमान (कृदन्त)
• Form: वर्तमान-कृदन्त (present passive participle/शानच्), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘being followed’

• रक्षोभिः: by the demons
• रक्षोभिः: कर्ता (agent in passive participle)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रक्षस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• ययौ: went
• ययौ: क्रिया (Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: या (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन, परस्मैपद

• सुखम्: comfortably/at ease
• सुखम्: क्रियाविशेषण (manner)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सुख (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: क्रियाविशेषणरूपेण द्वितीया-एकवचन (accusative used adverbially)

• अरिन्दमः: subduer of enemies
• अरिन्दमः: कर्ता (apposition to Hanumān)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अरि (प्रातिपदिक) + दम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; उपपद-तत्पुरुषः ‘अरिं दमयति’ (subduer of foes), epithet of Hanuman

• हनुमान्: Hanuman
• हनुमान्: कर्ता (subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हनुमत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• चारयामास: roamed/was led around
• चारयामास: क्रिया (Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: चर् (धातु) (णिच् causative: चारयति)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Periphrastic Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन, परस्मैपद; ‘caused to move about/roamed’

• राक्षसानाम्: of the rakshasas
• राक्षसानाम्: सम्बन्ध (genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राक्षस (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• महापुरीम्: the great city
• महापुरीम्: कर्म (object; city traversed)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महा (प्रातिपदिक) + पुरी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; कर्मधारयः ‘महती पुरी’

Context

Hanuman, the subduer of enemies ranged forth happily while he was followed by the demons in the great city.

Characters & Entities

• Hanumān
• Rākṣasas
• Laṅkā (as the great city of rākṣasas)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Inner freedom grounded in Dharma: even when externally constrained, one who is committed to truth and duty can remain calm and purposeful.

What is the narrative situation?

Hanumān is escorted through the rākṣasa capital; despite being a captive, he moves through the city calmly, continuing his reconnaissance.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Śaurya (courage) and steadiness—fearless composure in hostile surroundings.