Shloka 163

समुद्रलङ्घनारम्भः

Commencement of the Ocean-Crossing

Devanagari script

हनुमांस्तु ततः क्रुद्धस्त्रिंशद्योजनमायतः।।।।चकार सुरसा वक्त्रं चत्वारिंशत्तथोच्छ्रितम्।बभूव हनुमावनीरः पञ्चाशद्योजनोच्छ्रितः।।।।

Transliteration

hanumāṃs tu tataḥ kruddhas triṃśadyojanam āyataḥ | cakāra surasā vaktraṃ catvāriṃśat tathocchritam | babhūva hanumān vīraḥ pañcāśadyojanocchritaḥ ||

Translation

ຕໍ່ມາ ຮານຸມານຜູ້ໝັ້ນຄົງໃນປະຕິຍານ ຂະຫຍາຍກາຍເຖິງສາມສິບໂຍຊະນະ; ສຸຣະສາກໍຍົກປາກອັນອ້າກວ້າງເຖິງສີ່ສິບໂຍຊະນະ. ແລ້ວວີຣະຮານຸມານກໍສູງຕະຫຼອດເຖິງຫ້າສິບໂຍຊະນະ

Word by Word

• hanumān: Hanumān
• hanumān: Karta (कर्ता/subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: hanumat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा-एकवचन

• tu: also/but
• tu: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (particle), विरोध/अन्वयार्थक ‘but/also’

• tataḥ: then
• tataḥ: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/time)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tataḥ (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (adverb), ‘then/from that’

• kruddhaḥ: angry
• kruddhaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: krudh (धातु) + kta (क्त)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त, पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा-एकवचन

• triṃśad-yojanam: thirty yojanas
• triṃśad-yojanam: Visheshana (विशेषण/measure)
• Type: Noun
• Root: triṃśat (संख्या) + yojana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-एकवचन; द्विगु-समासः

• āyataḥ: extended (to)
• āyataḥ: Karta (कर्ता/qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: āyata (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा-एकवचन

• cakāra: made
• cakāra: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: kṛ (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• surasā: Surasā
• surasā: Karta (कर्ता/subject of cakāra)
• Type: Noun
• Root: surasā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-एकवचन

• vaktram: mouth
• vaktram: Karma (कर्म/object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vaktra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-एकवचन

• catvāriṃśat: forty
• catvāriṃśat: Visheshana (विशेषण/measure)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: catvāriṃśat (संख्या)
• Form: संख्याशब्दः, अव्ययवत् प्रयोगः; परिमाणवाचक (forty)

• tathā: thus
• tathā: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tathā (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (adverb) ‘thus/in that manner’

• ucchritam: raised/high
• ucchritam: Karma (कर्म/qualifier of vaktram)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ud-śri (धातु) + kta (क्त)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त, नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-एकवचन; ‘raised/high’

• babhūva: became
• babhūva: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: bhū (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• hanumān: Hanumān
• hanumān: Karta (कर्ता/subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: hanumat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा-एकवचन

• vīraḥ: hero
• vīraḥ: Karta (कर्ता/qualifier)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vīra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा-एकवचन; उपपद-विशेषणार्थे

• pañcāśad-yojana-ucchritaḥ: raised to fifty yojanas
• pañcāśad-yojana-ucchritaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: pañcāśat (संख्या) + yojana (प्रातिपदिक) + ucchrita (प्रातिपदिक/क्तान्त)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा-एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (pañcāśad-yojanaiḥ ucchritaḥ = raised to fifty yojanas)

Context

Provoked, Hanuman further stretched his body to thirty yojanas and Surasa on her own enlarged her mouth to forty yojanas. Then the great hero Hanuman stretched hisbody to fifty yojanas.

Characters & Entities

• Hanumān
• Surasā

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is perseverance in a righteous duty: obstacles intensify, yet Hanumān’s commitment to Rāma’s purpose remains unbroken.

What is the narrative situation?

A contest of expansion continues—Hanumān grows larger to pass, Surasā enlarges her mouth to encompass him, escalating the test.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Indomitable will (utsāha): Hanumān refuses to be deterred and increases his effort proportionate to the challenge.