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Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 74, Shloka 35

भरतस्य कैकेयी-गर्हा तथा सुरभि-दृष्टान्तः

Bharata’s Reproach of Kaikeyi and the Surabhi Exemplum

इति नाग इवारण्ये तोमराङ्कुशचोदितः।पपात भुवि सङ्कृद्धो निश्श्वसन्निव पन्नगः।।।।

iti nāga ivāraṇye tomarāṅkuśa-coditaḥ |

papāta bhuvi saṅkruddho niśśvasann iva pannagaḥ ||

ເມື່ອກ່າວດັ່ງນັ້ນແລ້ວ ພະພາຣະຕະ—ດຸຈຊ້າງໃນປ່າທີ່ຖືກຫອກແລະຕະຂໍຊ້າງຂັບໄລ່—ກໍລົ້ມລົງສູ່ພື້ນດິນດ້ວຍຄວາມໂກດເກຣີ້ຍວ ແລະຫາຍໃຈຟືດຟາດດຸຈງູ.

इतिthus
इति:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Discourse)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
FormQuotative particle (इत्यादि-निपात)
नागःelephant
नागः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootnāga (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इवlike
इव:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Comparison)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiva (अव्यय)
FormSimile particle (उपमा-निपात)
अरण्येin the forest
अरण्ये:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Location)
TypeNoun
Rootaraṇya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
तोमराङ्कुशचोदितःdriven by spears and goads
तोमराङ्कुशचोदितः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Roottomara + aṅkuśa + codita (√cud/√cod + kta)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular; PPP (क्त) ‘driven’; समासः—तत्पुरुष (तोमरैः अङ्कुशैः चोदितः)
पपातfell
पपात:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Root√pat (धातु)
FormPerfect (लिट्), Parasmaipada, 3rd person, Singular
भुविon the ground
भुवि:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Location)
TypeNoun
Rootbhuvi/ bhūmi (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
सङ्कृद्धःenraged
सङ्कृद्धः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootsaṃ + √krudh (धातु) + kta
FormPPP (क्त) used adjectivally, Masculine, Nominative, Singular
निःश्वसन्hissing/breathing hard
निःश्वसन्:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootniḥ + √śvas (धातु) + शतृ
FormPresent active participle (शतृ), Masculine, Nominative, Singular; qualifies subject
इवlike
इव:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Comparison)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiva (अव्यय)
FormSimile particle
पन्नगःserpent
पन्नगः:
Karta (कर्ता/Simile term)
TypeNoun
Rootpannaga (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular; in simile apposition

Prince Bharata, the scorcher of enemies, with blood-shot eyes, raiment in disarray, ornaments tossed about lay fallen on the ground like the banner of Indra (husband of Sachi) at the close of the festival of flag-hoisting.ityārṣē śrīmadrāmāyaṇē vālmīkīya ādikāvyē ayōdhyākāṇḍē catussaptatitamassargaḥ৷৷Thus ends the seventyfourth sarga in Ayodhyakanda of the holy Ramayana, the first epic composed by sage Valmiki.

B
Bharata
F
Forest (araṇya)
T
Tomara (spear/javelin)
E
Elephant
S
Serpent

FAQs

The verse depicts the emotional cost of dharma-violation: righteous persons may be overwhelmed by grief and anger when justice and truth are disrupted.

After condemning Kaikeyi and declaring his resolve, Bharata—overcome by rage and sorrow—falls to the ground.

Moral sensitivity: Bharata’s intense reaction signals how deeply he values dharma and how unbearable adharma is to him.