Shloka 2

Narmadā Tīrtha-Māhātmya: Patreśvara and the Sequence of Sacred Fords

Devanagari script

तत्र स्नात्वा नरो राजन्दैवतैः सह मोदते । पंचवर्षसहस्राणि क्रीडते कामरूपधृक्

Transliteration

tatra snātvā naro rājandaivataiḥ saha modate | paṃcavarṣasahasrāṇi krīḍate kāmarūpadhṛk

Translation

ໂອ ພະຣາຊາ, ເມື່ອອາບນ້ຳຊຳລະທີ່ນັ້ນແລ້ວ ບຸກຄົນຍ່ອມຊື່ນບານຮ່ວມກັບເທວະທັງຫຼາຍ. ຖືຮູບຕາມປາຖະໜາ ແລະເລີນຫຼິ້ນຢູ່ຫ້າພັນປີ.

Word by Word

• तत्र: there
• तत्र: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तत्र (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, देशवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (adverb of place)

• स्नात्वा: having bathed
• स्नात्वा: Purvakala-kriya (Prior action/पूर्वक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्ना (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त-अव्यय (absolutive)

• नरः: a man
• नरः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• राजन्: O king
• राजन्: Sambodhana (Address/सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन

• दैवतैः: with the gods/divinities
• दैवतैः: Sahakari (Association/सह)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दैवत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (करण/सह), बहुवचन

• सह: together with
• सह: Sahakari (Association/सह)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सह (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, सहार्थक उपसर्गसदृश (preposition-like indeclinable)

• मोदते: rejoices
• मोदते: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: मुद् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (वर्तमान), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद

• पञ्च-वर्ष-सहस्राणि: five thousand years
• पञ्च-वर्ष-सहस्राणि: Kala-adhikarana (Time extent/काल)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पञ्च (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक) + वर्ष (प्रातिपदिक) + सहस्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (कालावधि), बहुवचन; द्विगु-समास (संख्यापूर्वक)

• क्रीडते: sports/plays
• क्रीडते: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: क्रीड् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (वर्तमान), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद

• काम-रूप-धृक्: assuming forms at will
• काम-रूप-धृक्: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: काम (प्रातिपदिक) + रूप (प्रातिपदिक) + धृ (धातु)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; धृ-धातोः क्विप्-प्रत्ययान्त (धृक् = धारयिता), तत्पुरुष (कामेन रूपं धत्ते)

Speaker

Unspecified narrator addressing a king (rājan)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: shringara

Geographic Context

Type: tirtha

Sandhi Resolution Notes

Sandhi Resolution Notes: राजन्दैवतैः = राजन् दैवतैः (सम्बोधन + तृतीया). पंचवर्षसहस्राणि = पञ्च-वर्ष-सहस्राणि (द्विगु). कामरूपधृक् = काम-रूप-धृक् (तत्पुरुष; धृक् = क्विप्-कृदन्त).

Characters & Entities

• Devas (gods)

FAQs

What does this verse say is gained by bathing at the sacred place mentioned here?

It states that bathing there leads to delight in the company of the gods and grants the ability to assume desired forms, with enjoyment lasting for five thousand years.

What is the meaning of kāmarūpadhṛk in this shloka?

Kāmarūpadhṛk means “one who takes on a form at will”—a being who can assume any desired appearance or embodiment.

What kind of teaching is this verse an example of within Purāṇic literature?

It functions as a phala-śruti (statement of results), highlighting the spiritual and heavenly rewards associated with a tirtha-snāna (ritual bathing at a sacred place).