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Shloka 31

The Account of Sukalā: Chastity Overcomes Kāma and an Indra-like Trial

मामेवं परिरक्षते दमगुणैः शौचैस्तु धर्मः सदा सत्यं पश्य समागतं मम पुरः शांतिक्षमाभ्यांयुतम् । बोधश्चातिमहाबलः पृथुयशा यो मां न मुंचेत्कदा बद्धाहं दृढबंधनैः स्वगुणजैः सांनिध्यमेवं गतः

māmevaṃ parirakṣate damaguṇaiḥ śaucaistu dharmaḥ sadā satyaṃ paśya samāgataṃ mama puraḥ śāṃtikṣamābhyāṃyutam | bodhaścātimahābalaḥ pṛthuyaśā yo māṃ na muṃcetkadā baddhāhaṃ dṛḍhabaṃdhanaiḥ svaguṇajaiḥ sāṃnidhyamevaṃ gataḥ

ດັ່ງນັ້ນຂ້ອຍຈຶ່ງຖືກປົກປ້ອງໂດຍຄຸນແຫ່ງການຂ່ມຕົນ; ໂດຍຄວາມບໍລິສຸດ ທຳຍ່ອມດຳລົງຢູ່ເສມອ ຈົ່ງເບິ່ງ—ສັດຈະເອງໄດ້ມາຢືນຢູ່ຕໍ່ໜ້າຂ້ອຍ ພ້ອມດ້ວຍຄວາມສະຫງົບ ແລະຄວາມອົດທົນ ແລະປັນຍາຮູ້ແຈ້ງອັນມີພະລັງຍິ່ງ ມີຊື່ສຽງກວ້າງໄກ ບໍ່ເຄີຍປ່ອຍຂ້ອຍເລີຍ ຂ້ອຍຖືກຜູກແນ່ນດ້ວຍພັນທະອັນແຂງແຮງທີ່ເກີດຈາກຄຸນຂອງຕົນເອງ ແລະດັ່ງນັ້ນຈຶ່ງມາຮອດສະພາບແຫ່ງການຢູ່ໃກ້ຊິດນີ້

माम्me
माम्:
कर्म (Object)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formद्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; 1st person pronoun, Accusative singular
एवम्thus / in this way
एवम्:
क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम् (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; प्रकारवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (manner adverb)
परिरक्षतेprotects
परिरक्षते:
क्रिया (Action)
TypeVerb
Rootपरि-रक्ष् (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद
दम-गुणैःby virtues of self-control
दम-गुणैः:
करण (Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootदम (प्रातिपदिक) + गुण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; Instrumental plural; तत्पुरुष (दमस्य गुणैः)
शौचैःby purities / cleanlinesses
शौचैः:
करण (Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootशौच (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; Instrumental plural
तुbut / indeed
तु:
सम्बन्ध (Discourse particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; विरोध/विशेष-निपात (contrast/emphasis particle)
धर्मःDharma / righteousness
धर्मः:
कर्ता (Agent/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Nominative singular
सदाalways
सदा:
क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसदा (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; कालवाचक क्रियाविशेषण
सत्यम्truth
सत्यम्:
कर्ता (Agent/Subject) समानाधिकरण
TypeNoun
Rootसत्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Nominative singular (appositional/predicate)
पश्यsee / behold
पश्य:
क्रिया (Action)
TypeVerb
Rootदृश् (धातु)
Formलोट्-लकार (Imperative), मध्यम-पुरुष, एकवचन; Parasmaipada
समागतम्arrived / present
समागतम्:
कर्म (Object) विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootसम्-आ-गम् (धातु) + क्त (प्रत्यय) → समागत (कृदन्त)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकृदन्त; agrees with implied object (e.g., ‘धर्मम्/सत्यम्’ or ‘(किञ्चित्)’)—‘arrived/present’
ममmy
मम:
सम्बन्ध (Possessor)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Genitive singular
पुरःin front
पुरः:
अधिकरण (Locative)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुरस् (अव्यय/निपात-प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्यय; स्थानवाचक (in front of)
शान्ति-क्षमाभ्याम्-युतम्endowed with peace and forbearance
शान्ति-क्षमाभ्याम्-युतम्:
कर्म (Object) विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootशान्ति (प्रातिपदिक) + क्षमा (प्रातिपदिक) + युत (यु धातु, क्त; कृदन्त)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; तृतीया-द्विवचन ‘शान्ति-क्षमाभ्याम्’ सह; ‘युत’ = ‘endowed with’; समासः—तत्पुरुष (शान्त्या क्षमया च युतम्)
बोधःawakening / knowledge
बोधः:
कर्ता (Agent/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootबोध (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Nominative singular
and
:
सम्बन्ध (Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चय-निपात
अति-महा-बलःof exceedingly great strength
अति-महा-बलः:
कर्ता (Agent/Subject) विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootअति (अव्यय) + महा (प्रातिपदिक) + बल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; कर्मधारय (अतिशयेन महान् बलः यस्य)
पृथु-यशाःof wide fame
पृथु-यशाः:
कर्ता (Agent/Subject) विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootपृथु (प्रातिपदिक) + यशस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; कर्मधारय (पृथु यशः यस्य) ‘broad-famed’
यःwho
यः:
कर्ता (Agent/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; relative pronoun, Nominative singular
माम्me
माम्:
कर्म (Object)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formद्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Accusative singular
not
:
सम्बन्ध (Negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निषेध-निपात
मुञ्चेत्would release / should let go
मुञ्चेत्:
क्रिया (Action)
TypeVerb
Rootमुच् (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ्-लकार (Optative), प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन; Parasmaipada
कदाever / at any time
कदा:
क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकदा (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; प्रश्न/अनिश्चित-कालवाचक (interrogative/indefinite temporal adverb)
बद्धाbound
बद्धा:
कर्ता (Agent/Subject) विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootबन्ध् (धातु) + क्त (प्रत्यय) → बद्ध (कृदन्त)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकृदन्त; agrees with ‘अहम्’ understood as feminine speaker-context or with implied feminine entity; (text may be stylistic—often ‘बद्धोऽहम्’)
अहम्I
अहम्:
कर्ता (Agent/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formप्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; 1st person pronoun, Nominative singular
दृढ-बंधनैःby firm bonds
दृढ-बंधनैः:
करण (Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootदृढ (प्रातिपदिक) + बन्धन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; Instrumental plural; कर्मधारय (दृढानि बन्धनानि)
स्व-गुण-जैःborn of (his) own qualities
स्व-गुण-जैः:
करण (Instrument) विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootस्व (प्रातिपदिक) + गुण (प्रातिपदिक) + ज (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुं/नपुंसक-प्रायः, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; Instrumental plural; तत्पुरुष (स्वगुणेभ्यः जातैः = born of one’s own qualities)
सान्निध्यम्presence / proximity
सान्निध्यम्:
कर्म (Object)
TypeNoun
Rootसान्निध्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Accusative singular
एवम्thus
एवम्:
क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम् (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; प्रकारवाचक क्रियाविशेषण
गतःgone / attained
गतः:
क्रिया-विशेषण/प्रयोज्य-भाव (Predicate)
TypeAdjective
Rootगम् (धातु) + क्त (प्रत्यय) → गत (कृदन्त)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकृदन्त; predicate to (अहम्/धर्मः/बोधः) depending on syntactic reading

Unclear from the provided excerpt (requires surrounding verses to confirm the dialogue frame, often Pulastya → Bhīṣma in Bhūmi-khaṇḍa).

Concept: Virtues themselves become living guardians: self-restraint, purity, dharma, truth, peace, forbearance, and understanding bind and protect the soul through self-generated ‘bonds’ of character.

Application: Treat virtues as daily companions: practice one concrete act each day for dama (restraint), śauca (cleanliness), satya (truthfulness), kṣamā (forbearance), and śānti (non-reactivity).

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Visual Art Cues: {"scene_description":"An allegorical vision: a central figure (the protected self) stands encircled by luminous personifications—Dama as a calm warrior with lowered weapon, Śauca as a white-robed purifier holding a water pot, Dharma as a regal judge, Satya as a radiant being like a sun-disc, Śānti and Kṣamā as twin gentle guardians, and Bodha as a lion-like sage of immense strength. Golden ‘bonds’ made of light—born from the figure’s own virtues—wrap not as chains of captivity but as armor of steadfast character.","primary_figures":["personified Dama (self-restraint)","Śauca (purity)","Dharma","Satya (Truth)","Śānti (peace)","Kṣamā (forbearance)","Bodha (understanding)","the protected self (narrative ‘I’)"],"setting":"a liminal inner-court of consciousness rendered as a celestial hall with lotus pillars and a subtle mandala floor","lighting_mood":"divine radiance","color_palette":["pure white","sun-gold","lapis blue","lotus pink","smoky violet"],"tanjore_prompt":"Tanjore painting style: a central human figure encircled by six to seven personified virtues with gold leaf halos, Satya as a blazing golden disc-bodied deity, Dharma enthroned with ornate crown, Śauca in white with a kalaśa, Dama as a composed kṣatriya-guardian, Śānti and Kṣamā as gentle twin figures, Bodha as a powerful sage with lion-emblem, thick gold embellishment on halos and borders, jewel-toned reds/greens and gem-studded ornaments.","pahari_prompt":"Pahari miniature style: allegorical mandala scene with delicate brushwork, virtues as refined courtly figures around the central self, cool blues and pinks with soft gold wash, expressive eyes and subtle gestures, lotus-pillared pavilion floating in mist, the ‘bonds of virtue’ painted as thin luminous ribbons.","kerala_mural_prompt":"Kerala mural style: bold outlines and iconic symmetry, central figure protected by a ring of deities representing virtues, strong reds/yellows/greens with white highlights for Śauca, Satya as a radiant circular aura, Bodha emphasized with powerful stance, temple-wall composition like a moral yantra.","pichwai_prompt":"Pichwai cloth painting style: circular composition like a lotus mandala, virtues arranged as decorative yet narrative figures, deep indigo background with gold and white detailing, intricate floral borders, peacocks and lotus motifs, Satya as a central radiant medallion above the protected figure, luminous ribbons forming protective knots."}

Audio Atmosphere: {"recitation_mood":"dramatic","suggested_raga":"Durga","pace":"moderate-narrative","voice_tone":"authoritative","sound_elements":["temple bells","conch shell","deep drone","measured hand cymbals","resonant silence at the end"]}

Sandhi Resolution Notes: माम्+एवम् → मामेवम्; शौचैः+तु → शौचैस्तु; शान्ति-क्षमाभ्याम्+युतम् → शांतिक्षमाभ्यांयुतम्; बोधः+च → बोधश्च; न+मुञ्चेत्+कदा → न मुंचेत्कदा; बद्धा+अहम् → बद्धाहम्; सान्निध्यम्+एवम् → सांनिध्यमेवं. Note: ‘बद्धाहं’ in IAST suggests ‘बद्धा अहम्’; many recensions read ‘बद्धोऽहम्’.

D
Dharma
S
Satya (Truth)
Ś
Śānti (Peace)
K
Kṣamā (Forbearance/Forgiveness)
B
Bodha (Understanding/Awakening)

FAQs

The verse presents self-restraint (dama) and purity (śauca) as safeguarding forces, with Dharma remaining steady through purity and Truth (satya) appearing alongside peace (śānti) and forbearance (kṣamā).

It suggests moral causality: one’s cultivated dispositions and virtues become binding commitments that hold a person close to righteous conduct, making ethical life a stable, self-sustaining discipline.

By personifying these ideals as present and active, the verse teaches that inner discipline and purity make righteousness tangible in one’s life, drawing supportive virtues into one’s immediate experience and conduct.