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Shloka 5

Adhyaya 80Vaivasvata Manvantara: Enumeration of Manus and the Eighth Manu Sāvarṇi

सुतपाश्चामिताभाश्च मुख्याश्चैव त्रिधा सुराः ।

विंशकः कथिताश्चैषां त्रयाणां त्रिगुणो गणः ॥

sutapāś cāmitābhāś ca mukhyāś caiva tridhā surāḥ / viṃśakaḥ kathitāś caiṣāṃ trayāṇāṃ triguṇo gaṇaḥ

ເທວະທັງຫຼາຍມີສາມພວກ: ສຸຕະປາສ, ອະມິຕາພາສ, ແລະ ມຸກຍະ. ແຕ່ລະພວກໄດ້ກ່າວວ່າມີຊຸດລະຊາວ; ດັ່ງນັ້ນສາມພວກລວມແລ້ວເທົ່າກັບ ສາມເທົ່າຂອງຊາວ.

सुतपाःSutapās (a class/name)
सुतपाः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootसुतपा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-बोधक अव्यय (conjunction)
अमिताभाःAmitābhās (of immeasurable splendor)
अमिताभाः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootअमित-आभा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; कर्मधारय (अमिता आभा यस्य/ये)
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-बोधक अव्यय
मुख्याःchief/primary
मुख्याः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootमुख्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; विशेषण (qualifier)
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-बोधक अव्यय
एवindeed
एव:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formअवधारणार्थक अव्यय (emphasis)
त्रिधाthreefold
त्रिधा:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootत्रिधा (अव्यय)
Formसंख्यावाचक-प्रकारवाचक अव्यय (adverb: in three ways)
सुराःgods
सुराः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootसुर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन
विंशकःa set of twenty
विंशकः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootविंशक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; संख्यावाचक-समूहवाचक (group of twenty)
कथिताःare said/declared
कथिताः:
Kriya (क्रिया/participial predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootकथ् (धातु)
Formकृदन्त: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकर्मणि (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; ‘said/declared’
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-बोधक अव्यय
एषाम्of these
एषाम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootएतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive), बहुवचन; सर्वनाम (pronoun)
त्रयाणाम्of the three
त्रयाणाम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootत्रि (संख्यावाचक-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; ‘of the three’
त्रिगुणःthreefold
त्रिगुणः:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootत्रि-गुण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (numeral determinative: threefold)
गणःgroup/host
गणः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootगण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
Narrative voice within the manvantara account (speaker not explicit in this verse)
CosmologyManvantara chronologyDeva classifications

FAQs

Order (ṛta) in the cosmos is portrayed through structured offices and classifications—devas too are arranged into functional groups, emphasizing that harmony arises from dharmic organization rather than randomness.

Manvantara: listing the deva-gaṇas (classes of gods) is a hallmark of manvantara narration.

The ‘three groups of twenty’ suggests completeness through measured enumeration—cosmic forces are many, yet countable and intelligible, reflecting a universe governed by intelligible law (dharma/ṛta).