Shloka 32

Adhyaya 77 — Sanjna’s Withdrawal from Surya: The Birth of Yama and Yamuna, and the Emergence of Chhaya

Sanskrit

यथा मनुर्ममाचष्टे नेयं मता तथा मम ।

विगुणेष्वपि पुत्रेषु न माता विगुणा भवेत् ॥

Transliteration

yathā manur mamācaṣṭe neyaṃ matā tathā mama /

viguṇeṣv api putreṣu na mātā viguṇā bhavet

Translation

«ດັ່ງທີ່ມະນຸໄດ້ບອກຂ້ອຍ, ນີ້ກໍບໍ່ແມ່ນທັດສະນະຂອງຂ້ອຍເຊັ່ນກັນ: ແມ່ນແມ່ນວ່າລູກຊາຍຈະມີຄວາມຜິດພາດ, ແມ່ກໍບໍ່ຄວນກາຍເປັນຜູ້ຜິດ (ໃນການປະພຶດ)»។

Word by Word

• यथा: as
• यथा: प्रकार (Manner)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा (अव्यय)
• Form: उपमान/प्रकारवाचक-अव्यय (comparative/manner adverb)

• मनुः: Manu
• मनुः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मनु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• मम: to me / of me
• मम: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: उत्तमपुरुष-सर्वनाम, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• आचष्टे: declares, tells
• आचष्टे: क्रिया (Action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ + चक्ष् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद

• न: not
• न: निषेध (Negation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध-निपात

• इयम्: this (view)
• इयम्: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• मता: considered/held
• मता: विशेषण (Predicate qualifier)
• Type: Verb
• Root: मन् (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (Past Passive Participle), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘इयम्’ इति विशेषणम्

• तथा: so, thus
• तथा: प्रकार (Manner)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: प्रकारवाचक-अव्यय (adverb: ‘so/thus’)

• मम: by me / of me
• मम: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: उत्तमपुरुष-सर्वनाम, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• विगुणेषु: in faulty (ones)
• विगुणेषु: अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Location: ‘in/among’)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विगुण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative), बहुवचन; विशेषण (qualifier)

• अपि: even
• अपि: निपात (Particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय/अपवाद-निपात (particle: ‘even/also’)

• पुत्रेषु: among sons
• पुत्रेषु: अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Location: ‘among sons’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative), बहुवचन

• न: not
• न: निषेध (Negation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध-निपात

• माता: mother
• माता: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मातृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• विगुणा: faulty
• विगुणा: विशेषण (Predicate adjective)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विगुण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण

• भवेत्: should be
• भवेत्: क्रिया (Action/state)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ्-लकार (Optative/विधिलिङ्), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

Speakers

• Yama to Sūrya (citing Manu’s counsel)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "bhakti", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Yama
• Manu
• Sūrya

Key Themes

• Maternal ideal
• Ethics of caregiving
• Normative dharma

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The text articulates a dharmic ideal of unconditional care: guardians should not mirror the faults of dependents; moral excellence is tested precisely when the other is imperfect.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Dharma-teaching embedded within Vaṃśānucarita (genealogical narrative).

What is the esoteric significance?

The ‘mother’ can symbolize prakṛti/nurturing ground of beings; even when jīvas are viguṇa (rajasic/tamasic), the sustaining principle ideally remains sāttvika—non-reactive and supportive.