Shloka 7

Adhyaya 40 — The Yogin’s Impediments (Upasargas), Subtle Concentrations, and the Eight Siddhis

Sanskrit

योगिनः संप्रवर्तन्ते सत्त्वराजसतामसाः । प्रातिभिः श्रावणो दैवो भ्रमावत्तौ तथापरौ ॥

Transliteration

yoginaḥ saṃpravartante sāttva-rājasa-tāmasāḥ | prātibhiḥ śrāvaṇo daivo bhramāvattau tathāparau ||

Translation

ສໍາລັບນັກໂຍຄະ ມີອຸປະສັກເກີດຈາກສັດຕະວະ, ຣາຊະ, ແລະ ຕະມະ; ຄື ປຣາຕິພະ (prātibha), ສຣາວະນະ (śrāvaṇa), ໄດວະ (daiva), ພ້ອມທັງ ພຣະມະ (bhrama) ແລະ ອາວັຣຕະ (āvarta) ອີກດ້ວຍ।

Word by Word

• yoginaḥ: yogins
• yoginaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yogin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन (Plural)

• saṃpravartante: proceed/come into operation
• saṃpravartante: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pra√vṛt (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन (Plural), आत्मनेपद

• sāttva-rājasa-tāmasāḥ: (those) of sattva, rajas, and tamas
• sāttva-rājasa-tāmasāḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sattva (प्रातिपदिक) + rajas (प्रातिपदिक) + tamas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन (Plural); त्रयाणां गुणानां द्वन्द्वः

• prātibhiḥ: (as) prātibhas / intuitive types
• prātibhiḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: prātibha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), बहुवचन (Plural)

• śrāvaṇaḥ: the śrāvaṇa (type)
• śrāvaṇaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śrāvaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)

• daivaḥ: the daiva (type)
• daivaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: daiva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)

• bhramāvattau: the two ‘bhramāvat’ (deluded) types
• bhramāvattau: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhramāvat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), द्विवचन (Dual)

• tathā: likewise
• tathā: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tathā (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अव्यय-प्रकारः—समुच्चय/उपमानार्थक क्रियाविशेषण (indeclinable adverb: ‘thus/likewise’)

• aparau: the other two
• aparau: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: apara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), द्विवचन (Dual)

Speakers

• Not specified in input

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "adbhuta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Yoga psychology
• Guṇas (sattva/rajas/tamas)
• Five vighnas/upasargas
• Siddhi-like distractions

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Not all hindrances are ‘sinful’; some are sattvic (e.g., brilliance, insight) yet still derail concentration. The yogin must diagnose obstacles by their guṇic coloration.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

A yogic taxonomy embedded within Purāṇic discourse; ancillary to pancalakṣaṇa.

What is the esoteric significance?

The five are subtle ‘psychic weather patterns’: insight (prātibha), distance-hearing (śrāvaṇa), divine frenzy (daiva), delusive drift (bhrama), and vortex-like repetition (āvarta)—each a mode of consciousness that can mimic spiritual progress.