Shloka 36

Adhyaya 32 — Sankhya Philosophy

Sanskrit

तस्मात् सम्पूजयेत् भक्त्या स्वपितॄन् पुत्र मानवः । कामानभीप्सन् सकलान् पापाच्चात्मविमोचनम् ॥

Transliteration

tasmāt sampūjayet bhaktyā svapitṝn putra mānavaḥ / kāmān abhīpsan sakalān pāpāc cātma-vimocanam

Translation

ດັ່ງນັ້ນ ໂອ ລູກເອີຍ, ບຸກຄົນຄວນນະມັດສະການບູຊາບັນພະບຸລຸດຂອງຕົນດ້ວຍຄວາມເລື່ອມໃສ—ຖ້າປາຖະໜາໃຫ້ຄວາມປາດຖະໜາທັງປວງສຳເລັດ ແລະໃຫ້ຕົນພົ້ນຈາກບາບ.

Word by Word

• तस्मात्: therefore
• तस्मात्: Apādāna/Hetu (अपादान/हेतु)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th/पञ्चमी), एकवचन; अपादानार्थ (ablative: therefore/from that)

• सम्पूजयेत्: should worship/honor fully
• सम्पूजयेत्: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्-पूज् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• भक्त्या: with devotion
• भक्त्या: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भक्ति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), एकवचन; करणवाचक (instrumental: with devotion)

• स्वपितॄन्: one's own ancestors (pitṛs)
• स्वपितॄन्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्व + पितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), बहुवचन; तत्पुरुष (स्वकीयाः पितरः)

• पुत्र: O son
• पुत्र: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (8th/सम्बोधन), एकवचन

• मानवः: a man
• मानवः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मानव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• कामान्: desires
• कामान्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: काम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), बहुवचन

• अभीप्सन्: desiring, wishing for
• अभीप्सन्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अभि-इष् (धातु)
• Form: वर्तमानकृदन्त (present active participle/शतृ), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; विशेषण (to मानवः)

• सकलान्: all
• सकलान्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सकल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), बहुवचन; विशेषण (to कामान्)

• पापात्: from sin
• पापात्: Apādāna (अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th), एकवचन; अपादान (from sin)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha/Connector (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक अव्यय (conjunction)

• आत्मविमोचनम्: liberation of the self
• आत्मविमोचनम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आत्मन् + विमोचन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (आत्मनः विमोचनम्)

Speakers

• Madālasā addressing her son (didactic voice: ‘putra’)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "bhakti", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Pitṛs (ancestors)

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Bhakti
• Pitṛ Pūjā
• Karmic consequences
• Purification

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The verse links devotion to ancestors with both worldly well-being and moral purification, presenting dharma as integrative: prosperity and inner cleansing arise from honoring relational obligations.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Outside pancalakṣaṇa; it is normative dharma teaching (ācāra) embedded in the Purāṇic narrative frame.

What is the esoteric significance?

‘Pitṛ-pūjā’ can be read as reverence toward the causal chain that produced one’s embodied life. Purification here signifies loosening egoic severance from lineage and accepting interdependence.