Shloka 40

Adhyaya 2 — The Lineage of Garuda and the Birth of the Wise Birds: Kanka and Kandhara

Sanskrit

समं समन्तात् प्राप्ता तु निर्भिन्नधरणीतला ।

छादयन्ती खगाण्डानि स्थितानि पिशितोपरी ॥

Transliteration

samaṃ samantāt prāptā tu nirbhinnadharaṇītalā /

chādayantī khagāṇḍāni sthitāni piśitopari //

Translation

ແຕ່ມັນແຜ່ອອກເທົ່າກັນທຸກດ້ານ; ໜ້າດິນຖືກສີກຂາດແຕກອອກ. ມັນປົກຄຸມໄຂ່ນົກທີ່ນອນຢູ່ເທິງເນື້ອ ແລະຕັ້ງຢູ່ທີ່ນັ້ນ।

Word by Word

• समम्: evenly, uniformly
• समम्: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Adverbial accusative used as indeclinable (क्रियाविशेषण-रूप)

• समन्तात्: on all sides, all around
• समन्तात्: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: समन्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Ablative used adverbially (पञ्चमी-अव्ययीभाव/दिक्-अव्यय): ‘from all sides’

• प्राप्ता: having reached, arrived
• प्राप्ता: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-आप् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: Past active participle (क्त, used predicatively), Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• तु: but, indeed
• तु: Sambandha (निपात/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle (निपात), contrast/emphasis

• निर्भिन्न: split, burst open
• निर्भिन्न: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: निर्-भिद् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त); Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); qualifies धरणीतला

• धरणीतला: the surface of the earth
• धरणीतला: Karta (कर्ता/subject complement)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धरणी + तल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); धरण्याः तलम् इति

• छादयन्ती: covering
• छादयन्ती: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: छाद् (धातु) + शतृ (कृदन्त)
• Form: Present active participle (शतृ), Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); agrees with (ghaṣṭā) implied

• खगाण्डानि: bird-eggs
• खगाण्डानि: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: खग + अण्ड (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural (बहुवचन); खगानाम् अण्डानि इति

• स्थितानि: lying, placed
• स्थितानि: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्था (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त), Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural (बहुवचन); qualifies खगाण्डानि

• पिशित: flesh
• पिशित: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पिशित (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन) in compound relation

• उपरि: upon, on top of
• उपरि: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/locative sense)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उपरि (अव्यय)
• Form: Prepositional adverb (उपसर्गार्थ-अव्यय)

Speakers

• Narratorial voice within the Markandeya Purana’s early frame narrative (not Devi Mahatmyam section)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "bibhatsa", "secondaryRasa": "adbhuta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Cosmology
• Pralaya-like devastation
• Portent/ominous imagery
• Frame narrative setup

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The verse underscores the fragility of embodied life: even the most basic supports (earth/ground, shelter) can be ruptured, and vulnerable beings (symbolized by eggs) are easily overwhelmed. In Purāṇic narration, such images cultivate vairāgya (dispassion) and attentiveness to dharma in unstable times.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Primarily within "Pratisarga" (recurrent dissolution/renewal motifs) as an instance of destruction imagery; secondarily it supports the Purāṇic narrative framework rather than genealogy or manvantara cataloguing in this specific verse.

What is the esoteric significance?

The torn earth (nirbhinna-dharaṇī) can symbolize the breakdown of ordinary certainties and the exposure of hidden strata of existence; the eggs represent latent potentials (unborn outcomes/karma-seeds) that are threatened when the sustaining order (ṛta/dharma as ‘ground’) is disturbed.