Shloka 20

Devanagari script

बुद्धया विचिन्तयामास वीरा: केन निपातिता:

Transliteration

buddhyā vicintayāmāsa vīrāḥ kena nipātitāḥ | dharmaputro mahābāhur vilalāpa suvistaram ||

Translation

ໄວສຳປາຍະນະ ກ່າວວ່າ: ແລ້ວທ່ານທຳມະບຸດ (ຢຸທິສະຖິຣ) ຜູ້ແຂນແຮງ ຫຼັງຈາກຮ້ອງໄຫ້ຄຳຄວນຢ່າງຍາວນານ ກໍເລີ່ມຄິດພິຈາລະນາດ້ວຍປັນຍາທີ່ຕັ້ງໝັ້ນ: «ວີລະບຸລຸດເຫຼົ່ານີ້ ຖືກໃຜທຳໃຫ້ລົ້ມ?» ຕອນນີ້ຊີ້ໃຫ້ເຫັນວ່າ ຄວາມໂສກຂອງລາວກຳລັງກາຍເປັນການສືບຖາມທາງທຳມະ—ຊອກຫາເຫດທີ່ສອດຄ່ອງທັງຫຼັກຖານທີ່ເຫັນໄດ້ ແລະຄວາມຮຽກຮ້ອງຂອງທຳມະ ໂດຍບໍ່ຮີບຮ້ອນໄປສູ່ການແກ້ແຄ້ນຢ່າງມືດບອດ.

Word by Word

• बुद्धया: with (his) intellect
• बुद्धया: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: बुद्धि
• Form: Feminine, Instrumental, Singular

• विचिन्तयामास: pondered/considered
• विचिन्तयामास: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि-चिन्त्
• Form: Perfect (Periphrastic), Third, Singular

• वीराः: the heroes
• वीराः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वीर
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• केन: by whom?
• केन: Karana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: किम्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• निपातिताः: felled/struck down
• निपातिताः: Karma
• Type: Verb
• Root: नि-पत्
• Form: Past Passive Participle (क्त), Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• धर्मपुत्रः: Dharma’s son (Yudhiṣṭhira)
• धर्मपुत्रः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: धर्मपुत्र
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• महाबाहुः: mighty-armed
• महाबाहुः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महाबाहु
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• विललाप: lamented
• विललाप: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि-लप्
• Form: Perfect, Third, Singular

• सुविस्तरम्: at great length / extensively
• सुविस्तरम्: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सु-विस्तर
• Form: true

Speaker

वैशग्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśaṃpāyana
• Dharmaputra (Yudhiṣṭhira)
• the vīrāḥ (fallen heroes/brothers)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Grief is not the end-point; the dhārmic response is to steady the mind and seek truth through reasoned inquiry (buddhi), avoiding impulsive blame or retaliation without evidence.

What is happening in the narrative?

Yudhiṣṭhira, overwhelmed by sorrow at seeing the heroes fallen, laments for a long time and then begins to analyze who could have caused their fall—shifting from mourning to investigation.