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Shloka 61

Udyoga-parva Adhyāya 47 — Arjuna’s Deterrent Declaration

Sañjaya’s Report

सर्वा दिश: सम्पतता रथेन रजोध्वस्तं गाण्डिवेन प्रकृत्तम्‌ । यदा द्रष्टा स्वबलं सम्प्रमूढं तदा पश्चात्‌ तप्स्यति मन्दबुद्धि:

saṃjayā uvāca | sarvā diśaḥ sampatatā rathena rajodhvastaṃ gāṇḍīvena prakṛttam | yadā draṣṭā svabalaṃ sampramūḍhaṃ tadā paścāt tapsyati mandabuddhiḥ |

ສັນຊະຍະ ກ່າວວ່າ: «ເມື່ອບຸດແຫ່ງທຣິຕະຣາສຕຣະຜູ້ປັນຍາທຶບ ເຫັນກອງທັບຂອງຕົນຕົກຢູ່ໃນຄວາມສັບສົນຢ່າງສຸດຂີດ—ຖືກຝຸ່ນທີ່ລົດຮົບຂອງຂ້າແລ່ນຜ່ານທຸກທິດຍົກຂຶ້ນມາປົກຄຸມ ແລະຖືກລູກສອນຈາກຄັນທະນູ “ຄານດີວະ” ຟັນຂາດ—ເມື່ອນັ້ນ ລາວຈະໄໝ້ຢູ່ດ້ວຍຄວາມເສຍໃຈ ແຕ່ເປັນຫຼັງຈາກນັ້ນແລ້ວ.»

सर्वाःall
सर्वाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
दिशःdirections
दिशः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदिश्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
सम्पतताby (a chariot) rushing about
सम्पतता:
Karana
TypeVerb
Rootसम् + पत्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular, present active participle (शतृ), agreeing with रथेन
रथेनby the chariot
रथेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
रजःdust
रजः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootरजस्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
ध्वस्तम्scattered/whirled up
ध्वस्तम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootध्वंस्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular, past passive participle (क्त), qualifying रजः
गाण्डिवेनby (the bow) Gāṇḍīva
गाण्डिवेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootगाण्डिव
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
प्रकृत्तम्cut up/cleft (i.e., churned/lashed)
प्रकृत्तम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्र + कृत्त (from √कृत्/√कृन्त् 'to cut')
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular, past passive participle (क्त), qualifying रजः
यदाwhen
यदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदा
द्रष्टाwill see
द्रष्टा:
Karta
TypeVerb
Root√दृश्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, periphrastic future agent noun (लुट्-कर्तृ), 'will see'
स्वबलम्his own army/force
स्वबलम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootस्व + बल
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
सम्प्रमूढम्utterly bewildered/confounded
सम्प्रमूढम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसम् + प्र + √मुह्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular, past passive participle (क्त), qualifying स्वबलम्
तदाthen
तदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
पश्चात्afterwards
पश्चात्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपश्चात्
तप्स्यतिwill suffer/repent
तप्स्यति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Root√तप्
FormFuture (लृट्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
मन्दबुद्धिःthe dull-witted one
मन्दबुद्धिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमन्द + बुद्धि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sanjaya
D
Dhritarashtra’s son (Duryodhana implied)
A
Arjuna (implied through Gāṇḍīva)
G
Gāṇḍīva (bow)
C
chariot
A
army/host (svabala)

Educational Q&A

Moral blindness and arrogance lead to ruin; insight that comes only after violence has unfolded becomes mere remorse. The verse highlights the ethical cost of rejecting wise counsel and choosing war.

Sanjaya describes the future battlefield outcome: Dhritarashtra’s son will witness his forces overwhelmed—obscured by dust from the chariot’s swift movement and cut down by arrows from the Gāṇḍīva—leading him to regret afterward.