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Shloka 18

Udyoga-parva Adhyāya 47 — Arjuna’s Deterrent Declaration

Sañjaya’s Report

यदा द्रष्टा भीमसेनेन नागान्‌ निपातितान्‌ गिरिकूटप्रकाशान्‌ । कुम्भैरिवासृग्वमतो भिन्नकुम्भां- स्तदा युद्ध धार्तराष्ट्रोडन्वतप्स्यत्‌

sañjaya uvāca | yadā draṣṭā bhīmasenena nāgān nipātitān girikūṭaprakāśān | kumbhair ivāsṛg vamato bhinnakumbhāṁs tadā yuddhe dhārtarāṣṭro 'nvatapsyat ||

ສັນຊະຍະ ກ່າວວ່າ: «ເມື່ອ ທຸຣະໂຍທະນະ ເຫັນຊ້າງຜູ້ຍິ່ງໃຫຍ່—ໃຫຍ່ດັ່ງຍອດພູ—ຖືກ ພີມເສນ ຟາດລົງຈົນລົ້ມ ແລະຂມັບຂ້າງຫົວຖືກຜ່າແຕກ ເລືອດພຸ້ນອອກມາດັ່ງຖືກທຸບໄຫຫັກ ໃນຂະນະນັ້ນ ກາງສົງຄາມ ບຸດແຫ່ງ ທຣິຕະຣາດຣະ ຈະຖືກຄວາມສຳນຶກຜິດອັນເຜົາໄໝ້ ຈັບກຸມ ເນື່ອງຈາກໄດ້ກໍ່ເລີ່ມສົງຄາມນີ້».

यदाwhen
यदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदा
द्रष्टाthe seer/observer (Duryodhana)
द्रष्टा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootद्रष्टृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भीमसेनेनby Bhimasena
भीमसेनेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootभीमसेन
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
नागान्elephants
नागान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनाग
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
निपातितान्felled/struck down
निपातितान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootनि-पत्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural, क्त (past passive participle)
गिरिकूटप्रकाशान्resembling mountain-peaks
गिरिकूटप्रकाशान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootगिरिकूटप्रकाश
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
कुम्भैःwith/from (their) temples (kumbhas)
कुम्भैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकुम्भ
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
इवas if/like
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
असृक्blood
असृक्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअसृज्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
वमतःvomiting/oozing forth
वमतः:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootवम्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural, शतृ (present active participle)
भिन्नकुम्भान्with split temples
भिन्नकुम्भान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootभिन्नकुम्भ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
तदाthen
तदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
युद्धेin battle
युद्धे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootयुद्ध
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
धार्तराष्ट्रःthe son of Dhritarashtra (Duryodhana)
धार्तराष्ट्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधार्तराष्ट्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अनुतप्स्यत्will regret/repent
अनुतप्स्यत्:
TypeVerb
Rootअनु-तप्
FormSimple Future (लृट्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
B
Bhīmasena (Bhīma)
D
Dhārtarāṣṭra (Duryodhana)
N
Nāgāḥ (war-elephants)
K
Kumbha (elephant temples/forehead; jars in simile)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores the moral weight of initiating unjust conflict: even the instigator may later be consumed by remorse when confronted with the real, gruesome consequences of war.

Sañjaya foretells a battlefield scene where Bhīma fells massive war-elephants, splitting their temples so blood streams out; seeing this carnage, Duryodhana (Dhārtarāṣṭra) is predicted to feel intense regret for having set the war in motion.