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Shloka 23

Sanatsujāta on Vedic Learning, Truth (Satya), and the Discipline of Dama–Tyāga–Apramāda

य आश्रयेत्‌ पावयेच्चापि राजन्‌ सर्व शरीरं तपसा तप्यमान: । एतेन वै बाल्यमभ्येति विद्वान्‌ मृत्युंतथा स जयत्यन्तकाले,राजन! जो इस ब्रह्मचर्यका आश्रय लेता है, वह ब्रह्मबचारी यम-नियमादि तपका आचरण करता हुआ अपने सम्पूर्ण शरीरको भी पवित्र बना लेता है तथा इससे विद्वान्‌ पुरुष निश्चय ही अबोध बालककी भाँति राग-द्वेषसे शून्य हो जाता है और अन्त समयमें वह मृत्युको भी जीत लेता है

ya āśrayet pāvayec cāpi rājan sarvaśarīraṃ tapasā tapyamānaḥ | etena vai bālyam abhyeti vidvān mṛtyuṃ tathā sa jayaty antakāle ||

ສນັດສຸຊາຕະ ກ່າວວ່າ: ໂອ ພຣະຣາຊາ, ຜູ້ໃດອາໄສພຣະຫມະຈັນຍານີ້ເປັນທີ່ພຶ່ງ ແລະປະຕິບັດຕະປະສະດ້ວຍການຂົ່ມໃຈ ຍ່ອມຊຳລະໄດ້ແມ່ນແຕ່ຮ່າງກາຍທັງໝົດ. ໂດຍວິທີນີ້ ຜູ້ມີປັນຍາຈະເຖິງສະພາບດັ່ງເດັກນ້ອຍ—ປາສະຈາກຄວາມຕິດພັນແລະຄວາມຊັງ—ແລະໃນວາລະສຸດທ້າຍ ຍ່ອມຊະນະຄວາມຕາຍໄດ້.

यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
आश्रयेत्should take refuge in / should adopt
आश्रयेत्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootआ-श्रि
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
पावयेत्should purify
पावयेत्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootपू (पवित्रे) / caus. पावय-
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अपिalso / even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
सर्वम्entire
सर्वम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
शरीरम्body
शरीरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशरीर
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
तपसाby austerity
तपसा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootतपस्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
तप्यमानःpractising austerity / being engaged in penance
तप्यमानः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootतप् (तप्यते) → तप्यमान
Formशानच् (present middle participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular, Atmanepada (middle)
एतेनby this
एतेन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
बाल्यम्childhood / childlike state
बाल्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootबाल्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अभ्येतिattains / reaches
अभ्येति:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-इ
FormPresent (Lat), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
विद्वान्a learned man
विद्वान्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविद्वस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मृत्युम्death
मृत्युम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमृत्यु
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तथाthus / likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
जयतिconquers
जयति:
TypeVerb
Rootजि
FormPresent (Lat), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
अन्तकालेat the final time (at death)
अन्तकाले:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअन्तकाल
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

सनत्सुजात उवाच

S
Sanatsujāta
K
King (Dhṛtarāṣṭra, addressed as rājan)
D
Death (Mṛtyu)

Educational Q&A

Brahmacarya supported by tapas (disciplined restraint) purifies the person and matures the mind into a ‘childlike’ simplicity—freedom from rāga (clinging) and dveṣa (aversion). Such inner purification and detachment is presented as the basis for ‘conquering death’ at life’s end, i.e., meeting death without bondage, fear, or spiritual defeat.

In the Sanatsujātīya section of Udyoga Parva, the sage Sanatsujāta instructs the king (Dhṛtarāṣṭra). Here he emphasizes a practical discipline—brahmacarya with tapas—as a means of bodily and mental purification, culminating in fearlessness and victory over death at the final moment.