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Shloka 20

Gāndhārī’s Battlefield Survey: The Fallen and the Onset of Funeral Rites (शल्य-भगीरथ-भीष्म-द्रोणादि-दर्शनम्)

पालयान: पितु: शास्त्रमूर्ध्वरेता महायशा: । एष शान्तनव: शेते माधवाप्रतिमो युधि,माधव! पिताकी आज्ञाका पालन करते हुए महायशस्वी नैछ्लिक ब्रह्मचारी ये शान्तनुनन्दन भीष्म जिनकी युद्धमें कहीं तुलना नहीं है, यहाँ सो रहे हैं

pālayan pituḥ śāstram ūrdhvaretā mahāyaśāḥ | eṣa śāntanavaḥ śete mādhavāpratimo yudhi, mādhava ||

ໄວສັມປາຍະນະ ກ່າວວ່າ: “ໂອ ມາດະວະ! ດ້ວຍການຮັກສາຄຳສັ່ງຂອງບິດາ ຜູ້ມີຊື່ສຽງຍິ່ງ ແລະເປັນພຣະຫມະຈາຣີຕະຫຼອດຊີວິດ—ນີ້ແມ່ນພີສະມະ ບຸດແຫ່ງຊານຕະນຸ ຜູ້ບໍ່ມີໃຜເທົ່າທຽມໃນສົງຄາມ—ບັດນີ້ນອນຢູ່ນີ້.” ຖ້ອຍຄຳນີ້ຊີ້ໃຫ້ເຫັນນ້ຳໜັກທາງຈິດທຳຂອງການນົບນ້ອມຕໍ່ບິດາ ແລະການຂັດເກົ່າຕົນດ້ວຍສັດຈະປະຕິຍານ ແມ່ນແມ່ນວ່ານັກຮົບຜູ້ເປັນຮູບທຳຂອງມັນໄດ້ລົ້ມລົງໃນສະໜາມຮົບແລ້ວ.

पालयन्observing, maintaining
पालयन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootपालयत् (पाल् धातु, शतृ-प्रत्यय)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पितुःof (his) father
पितुः:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
शास्त्रम्instruction, command, ordinance
शास्त्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशास्त्र
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
ऊर्ध्वरेताone of restrained semen; a celibate
ऊर्ध्वरेता:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootऊर्ध्वरेतस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
महायशाःof great fame
महायशाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमहायशस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
एषःthis (man)
एषः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शान्तनवःson/descendant of Śantanu (Bhīṣma)
शान्तनवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशान्तनव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शेतेlies, rests
शेते:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootशी (धातु)
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Ātmanepada
माधव-अप्रतिमःunequal to Mādhava; incomparable (even to Kṛṣṇa)
माधव-अप्रतिमः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमाधव + अप्रतिम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
युधिin battle
युधि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootयुध्
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
माधवO Mādhava (Kṛṣṇa)
माधव:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootमाधव
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśaṃpāyana
Ś
Śāntanu
B
Bhīṣma (Śāntanava)
M
Mādhava (Kṛṣṇa)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights dharma expressed as steadfast fidelity to a father’s command and the power of lifelong self-restraint (brahmacarya). It suggests that moral greatness is measured not only by martial prowess but by unwavering commitment to vows and duty.

Vaiśaṃpāyana points out Bhīṣma—Śāntanu’s son—now lying fallen after the war. He recalls Bhīṣma’s defining traits: obedience to his father’s injunction and his famed celibate vow, while also noting his unmatched stature as a warrior.