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Shloka 30

अश्वशिरो-आख्यानम्

Aśvaśiras / Hayaśiras Narrative: Retrieval of the Vedas

यत्‌ तत्‌ सूक्ष्ममविज्ञेयमव्यक्तमचलं ध्रुवम्‌ । इन्द्रियैरिन्द्रियार्थश्व सर्वभूतैश्न॒ वर्जितम्‌ ।।

yat tat sūkṣmam avijñeyam avyaktam acalaṃ dhruvam | indriyair indriyārthaiś ca sarvabhūtaiś ca varjitam || sa hy antarātmā bhūtānāṃ kṣetrajña iti ca kathyate | triguṇavyatirikto vai puruṣa iti kalpitaḥ ||

ນາຣະດະ ກ່າວວ່າ: ຄວາມເປັນຈິງນັ້ນ ລະອຽດລຶກ, ເກີນກວ່າຈະຮູ້ໄດ້ດ້ວຍປັນຍາທົ່ວໄປ, ບໍ່ປາກົດ (ອະວະຍັກຕະ), ບໍ່ເຄື່ອນໄຫວ, ແລະຄົງທີ່—ຂ້າມພົ້ນອິນທຣີ, ຂ້າມພົ້ນອາຣົມຂອງອິນທຣີ, ແລະຂ້າມພົ້ນສັດທັງປວງ—ແຕ່ກໍດໍາລົງເປັນອາດຕະພາຍໃນຂອງສັດທຸກຊີວິດ. ເພາະສະນັ້ນ ຈຶ່ງເອີ້ນວ່າ «ຜູ້ຮູ້ແຫ່ງສະໜາມ» (kṣetrajña) ແລະເພາະຂ້າມພົ້ນສາມກຸນ ຈຶ່ງຖືກເອີ້ນວ່າ «ປຸຣຸສະ» (puruṣa). ຄໍາສອນນີ້ວາງຊີວິດແຫ່ງທຳໄວ້ໃນການແຍກແຍະ: ອາດຕະທີ່ແທ້ບໍ່ແມ່ນກາຍ-ໃຈທີ່ປ່ຽນແປງ, ແຕ່ເປັນພະຍານອັນໝັ້ນຄົງເຫນືອຄຸນລັກສະນະ; ຄວາມຫຼຸດພົ້ນຢູ່ໃນການຮູ້ແຈ້ງຄວາມແຕກຕ່າງນັ້ນ.

यत्that which
यत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
Formneuter, nominative/accusative, singular
तत्that
तत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formneuter, nominative/accusative, singular
सूक्ष्मम्subtle
सूक्ष्मम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसूक्ष्म
Formneuter, nominative/accusative, singular
अविज्ञेयम्unknowable
अविज्ञेयम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअविज्ञेय
Formneuter, nominative/accusative, singular
अव्यक्तम्unmanifest
अव्यक्तम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअव्यक्त
Formneuter, nominative/accusative, singular
अचलम्immovable
अचलम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअचल
Formneuter, nominative/accusative, singular
ध्रुवम्constant, fixed
ध्रुवम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootध्रुव
Formneuter, nominative/accusative, singular
इन्द्रियैःby the senses
इन्द्रियैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्रिय
Formneuter, instrumental, plural
इन्द्रियार्थैःby the objects of the senses
इन्द्रियार्थैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्रियार्थ
Formmasculine, instrumental, plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सर्वभूतैःby all beings
सर्वभूतैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसर्वभूत
Formneuter, instrumental, plural
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
वर्जितम्devoid of, excluded from
वर्जितम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootवर्जित
Formneuter, nominative/accusative, singular
सःhe/that (entity)
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
अन्तरात्माinner self
अन्तरात्मा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअन्तरात्मन्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
भूतानाम्of beings
भूतानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootभूत
Formneuter, genitive, plural
क्षेत्रज्ञःknower of the field (kṣetrajña)
क्षेत्रज्ञः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootक्षेत्रज्ञ
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
कथ्यतेis called
कथ्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootकथ्
Formpresent, passive, third, singular
त्रिगुणव्यतिरिक्तःbeyond the three guṇas
त्रिगुणव्यतिरिक्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootत्रिगुणव्यतिरिक्त
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
पुरुषःPuruṣa, person/spirit
पुरुषः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुष
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
कल्पितःis conceived/considered
कल्पितः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootकल्पित
Formmasculine, nominative, singular

नारद उवाच

N
Nārada
K
kṣetrajña
P
puruṣa
T
triguṇa
I
indriya

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches that the true Self is the subtle, unmanifest, unchanging reality beyond senses and all objects; as the indwelling witness it is called kṣetrajña, and because it transcends sattva-rajas-tamas it is termed puruṣa. Ethical and spiritual clarity arises from distinguishing this Self from the changing body-mind.

In Śānti Parva’s instruction on liberation and metaphysics, Nārada is explaining to his listener the nature of the highest principle: the inner Self of all beings, described through philosophical epithets (avyakta, dhruva, kṣetrajña, puruṣa) to guide contemplation and discernment.