Shloka 83
Śuka’s Guṇa-Transcendence and Vyāsa’s Consolation (शुकगति-वर्णनम्)
जहाँ किसी विशेष अर्थको अभीष्ट मानकर उसके दोषों और गुणोंकी विभागपूर्वक गणना की जाती है, उस अर्थको संख्या अथवा सांख्य समझना चाहिये ।।
yatra kasyacid artha-viśeṣasya doṣa-guṇa-vibhāga-pūrvakaṃ gaṇanaṃ kriyate, tam arthaṃ saṅkhyā athavā sāṅkhyaṃ veditavyam. idaṃ pūrvam idaṃ paścād vaktavyaṃ yad vivakṣitam | krama-yogaṃ tam apy āhur vākyaṃ vākya-vido janāḥ ||
ພີສະມະກ່າວວ່າ: ເມື່ອອະທິບາຍຄວາມໝາຍທີ່ຕັ້ງໃຈໄວ້ໂດຍສະເພາະ ໂດຍແຍກຂໍ້ບົກພ່ອງແລະຄຸນຄ່າກ່ອນ ແລ້ວຈຶ່ງນັບແລະຈັດລຽງໃຫ້ເປັນລະບຽບ ວິທີນັ້ນຄວນເຂົ້າໃຈວ່າເປັນ «ສັງຂະຍາ» ຫຼື «ສາງຂະຍະ». ອີກທັງ ເມື່ອກ່າວວ່າ «ອັນນີ້ຄວນເວົ້າກ່ອນ ແລະອັນນັ້ນຄວນເວົ້າທີຫຼັງ» ໂດຍຈັດຈຸດປະສົງໃຫ້ເປັນລຳດັບ ບັນດາຜູ້ຮູ້ວາຈາກໍເອີ້ນນັ້ນວ່າ ລະບຽບວາຈາອັນມີວິໄນ—ການດຳເນີນຄຳສອນຢ່າງເປັນຂັ້ນຕອນ.
भीष्य उवाच
Educational Q&A
Bhishma defines an analytic method: when a topic is clarified by separating merits and faults and enumerating them systematically, it is ‘Saṅkhyā/Sāṅkhya’. He also stresses krama (sequence): teaching should present points in a deliberate order—what comes first and what follows—so the intended meaning becomes clear.
In the Shanti Parva’s instructional setting, Bhishma is explaining to his listener(s) how philosophical and ethical instruction should be structured—by classification, enumeration, and orderly progression of statements—so that dharma and related teachings are communicated precisely.