Shloka 29
नारद–शुक संवादः
Impermanence, Svabhāva, and Śuka’s Resolve for Yoga
ज्ञान ज्ञेयं तथा ज्ञो$ज्ञ: कस्तपा अतपास्तथा | सूर्याति सूर्य इति च विद्याविद्ये तथैव च
jñānaṃ jñeyaṃ tathā jño ’jñaḥ kas tapā atapās tathā | sūryāti-sūrya iti ca vidyāvidye tathaiva ca ||
ຍາຊະນະວັນກະຍະ ກ່າວວ່າ: «(ທ່ານຖາມວ່າ) ຄວາມຮູ້ແມ່ນຫຍັງ, ສິ່ງທີ່ຄວນຮູ້ແມ່ນຫຍັງ? ຜູ້ຮູ້ແມ່ນໃຜ, ຜູ້ບໍ່ຮູ້ແມ່ນໃຜ? ຜູ້ມີຕະປະທີ່ແທ້ແມ່ນໃຜ, ແລະຜູ້ບໍ່ມີຕະປະແມ່ນໃຜ? “ຕາເວັນ” ແມ່ນໃຜ, ແລະ “ເກີນກວ່າຕາເວັນ” ແມ່ນໃຜ? ແລະດັ່ງນັ້ນ ວິທະຍາ (vidyā) ແລະ ອະວິທະຍາ (avidyā) ແມ່ນຫຍັງ?»
याज़्ञवल्क्य उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse frames a systematic set of philosophical distinctions—knowledge/knowable, knower/ignorant, true austerity/false austerity, and vidyā/avidyā—implying that ethical and spiritual progress depends on correct discernment of these categories.
Yājñavalkya is responding in a didactic setting within Śānti Parva, restating a sequence of questions that guide the forthcoming explanation of metaphysical and ethical fundamentals.