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Shloka 31

Utkramaṇa-sthāna and Ariṣṭa-lakṣaṇa: Yājñavalkya’s Instruction on Departure Pathways and Mortality Signs

यत्‌ तद्‌ बुद्धेः परं प्राहु: सांख्या योगाश्व सर्वश: । बुद्धयमानं महाप्राज्ञमबुद्धपरिवर्जनात्‌

yat tad buddheḥ paraṃ prāhuḥ sāṅkhyā yogāś ca sarvaśaḥ | buddhyamānaṃ mahāprājñam abuddha-parivarjanāt ||

ວາສິດຖະ ກ່າວວ່າ: «ຄວາມເປັນຈິງນັ້ນ ທີ່ນັກສາງຂະ (Sāṅkhya) ແລະນັກໂຍຄະ (Yoga) ປະກາດວ່າຢູ່ເຫນືອກວ່າປັນຍາ (buddhi) ທຸກປະການ—ເປັນປັນຍາສູງສຸດ ແລະຮູ້ໄດ້ກໍເມື່ອປັດທິ້ງປັດໃຈທີ່ບໍ່ມີຈິດສຳນຶກ ເຊັ່ນ ອະຫັງກາຣ ແລະອື່ນໆ—ນັ້ນແມ່ນປຣະມາອາດຕະມັນ. ມັນຖືກເອີ້ນວ່າ ບໍ່ຮູ້ໄດ້, ອະວະຍັກຕະ (ບໍ່ປາກົດ), ເປັນພຣະເຈົ້າຜູ້ມີຄຸນ ແລະກໍເປັນພຣະເຈົ້າຜູ້ໄຮ້ຄຸນ, ເປັນນິດ ແລະເປັນຖານຮອງພາຍໃນ. ດັ່ງນັ້ນ ຜູ້ຊຳນານໃນສາງຂະແລະໂຍຄະ ແລະມຸ່ງຫາສັດທຳສູງສຸດ ຈຶ່ງເຂົ້າໃຈວ່າ ປຣະມາອາດຕະມັນແມ່ນຕັດຕະທີ 25 ເຫນືອກວ່າປຣະກຣິຕິ ແລະຄຸນຂອງມັນ (ຕັດຕະ 24).»

यत्which/that (thing)
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
तत्that (very thing)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
बुद्धेःfrom/beyond intellect; of intellect
बुद्धेः:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootबुद्धि
FormFeminine, Ablative/Genitive, Singular
परम्higher; beyond
परम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपर
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
प्राहुःthey have said/call
प्राहुः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + अह्
FormPerfect, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
सांख्याःSankhya (followers/knowers)
सांख्याः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसांख्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
योगाःYogins/knowers of Yoga
योगाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयोग
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सर्वशःentirely; in every way
सर्वशः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसर्वशस्

वसिष्ठ उवाच

V
Vasiṣṭha
S
Sāṅkhya
Y
Yoga
P
Paramātmā
P
Prakṛti
G
Guṇas

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches that the Supreme Self (Paramātmā/Puruṣa) is beyond the reach of ordinary intellect and is realized when insentient constituents like ego and other material principles are negated; in Sāṅkhya-Yoga terms, it is the twenty-fifth principle transcending Prakṛti’s twenty-four categories.

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on peace and liberation, Vasiṣṭha explains to his listener a Sāṅkhya-Yoga framework: how sages describe the ultimate Reality and how it stands apart from the material constituents, guiding the seeker toward discriminative insight and renunciation of the non-self.