Shloka 36
Adhyātma–Adhibhūta–Adhidaivata Correspondences and the Triguṇa Lakṣaṇas (Śānti-parva 301)
गर्हितं महतामर्थ सांख्यानां विदितात्मनाम् | भरतश्रेष्ठ] तामस, राजस और सात्त्विक--इन तीन प्रकारके प्राणियोंके जो तत्त्वज्ञानी महात्मा पुरुषोंद्वारा निन्दित मोक्षविरोधी व्यवहार हैं, उनको भी जानना चाहिये ।।
garhitaṁ mahatām artha sāṅkhyānāṁ viditātmanām | bharataśreṣṭha tāmasa-rājasa-sāttvikānāṁ trividha-prāṇināṁ ye tattvajñaiḥ mahātmabhiḥ puruṣaiḥ ninditā mokṣa-virodhinaḥ vyavahārāḥ, tān api jñātum arhasi || upaplavāṁs tathā ghorān śaśinaḥ tejasas tathā | nareśvara ghorotpātān candragrahaṇaṁ sūryagrahaṇaṁ tārāṇāṁ patanaṁ nakṣatra-gati-viparyayaṁ pati-patnyoḥ duḥkhadāyaka-viyogaṁ ca—yāni loke bhavanti, tāny api jñātvā sva-kalyāṇasya upāyaṁ kuryāḥ ||
ພີສະມະກ່າວວ່າ: «ໂອ ຜູ້ປະເສີດໃນວົງພະຣະຕະ! ເຈົ້າຄວນຮູ້ຈັກດ້ວຍ ບັນດາວິທີປະພຶດທີ່ເກີດຈາກຄຸນສາມ—ຕະມັດ, ຣາຊັດ, ແລະ ສັດຕະວະ—ຊຶ່ງຖືກບັນດາມະຫາຕະມະ ຜູ້ຮູ້ຕັດສິນຄວາມຈິງ ຄືພວກສາງຂະຍະຜູ້ຮູ້ອາດຕະ ຕຳນິເພາະມັນຂັດຂວາງມົກຂະ. ແລະ ໂອ ພະຣາຊາ, ເຈົ້າຄວນສັງເກດດ້ວຍ ຄວາມປັ່ນປ່ວນອັນນ່າຢ້ານກົວໃນໂລກ—ລາງຮ້າຍອັນຮຸນແຮງ, ຈັນທຣະຄຣາຫະ, ສຸຣະຄຣາຫະ, ດາວຕົກ, ການກັບຄືນຂອງເສັ້ນທາງນັກສັດ, ແລະ ການແຍກຈາກກັນອັນໂສກເສົ້າຂອງຜົວເມຍ—ເມື່ອເຂົ້າໃຈແລ້ວ ຈົ່ງປະຕິບັດວິທີເພື່ອຄວາມຜາສຸກຂອງຕົນ».
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
Bhīṣma urges the king to discern which patterns of conduct—shaped by tamas, rajas, and even sattva—are criticized by realized truth-knowers because they hinder liberation, and to respond wisely to worldly disturbances and ominous events by taking up measures that secure true welfare (kalyāṇa) rather than being driven by confusion or fear.
In the Śānti Parva’s instruction to Yudhiṣṭhira, Bhīṣma continues his counsel on right living and spiritual aim: he lists liberation-obstructing behaviors and then points to frightening occurrences in the world—eclipses, celestial irregularities, and painful domestic separations—as realities a ruler should recognize and use as prompts for prudent, welfare-oriented action.