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Shloka 31

मोक्षोपाय-निर्णयः

Determination of the Means to Liberation

इति कारुण्यशीलस्तु विद्वान्‌ वै ब्राह्मणो5न्वशात्‌ । इति चैवानुशिष्टो 5स्मि पूर्वस्तात पितामहै:

iti kāruṇyaśīlas tu vidvān vai brāhmaṇo 'nvaśāt | iti caivānuśiṣṭo 'smi pūrvas tāta pitāmahaiḥ ||

ຮຸມັດເສນາ ກ່າວວ່າ: «ດັ່ງນີ້ແຫຼະ ພຣາຫມັນຜູ້ມີເມດຕາ ແລະມີປັນຍາ ໄດ້ສອນຂ້ອຍ. ແລະດັ່ງດຽວກັນນັ້ນ ລູກເອີຍ ຂ້ອຍເຄີຍຖືກສອນມາກ່ອນໂດຍບັນພະບຸລຸດ ແລະປູ່ຍ່າຕາຍາຍຂອງຂ້ອຍ»។

इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
कारुण्यशीलःcompassionate by nature
कारुण्यशीलः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootकारुण्यशील
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
विद्वान्learned
विद्वान्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootविद्वस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
ब्राह्मणःa Brahmin
ब्राह्मणः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अन्वशात्instructed/commanded
अन्वशात्:
TypeVerb
Rootअनु-शास्
FormAorist (simple past), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवjust/indeed
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
अनुशिष्टःinstructed
अनुशिष्टः:
TypeVerb
Rootअनु-शास्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, Past passive participle (क्त)
अस्मिI am
अस्मि:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormPresent, 1st, Singular, Parasmaipada
पूर्वैःby the former/earlier (ones)
पूर्वैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootपूर्व
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
तातdear son (address)
तात:
TypeNoun
Rootतात
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
पितामहैःby grandfathers/ancestors
पितामहैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपितामह
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural

हुमत्सेन उवाच

H
Humat-sena
B
Brāhmaṇa (unnamed teacher)
P
pitāmaha (forefathers/grandfathers)
T
tāta (addressed listener, unnamed)

Educational Q&A

Moral instruction should be grounded in compassion and learning, and it is best preserved and transmitted through an unbroken lineage of teachers and ancestors; Humat-sena emphasizes that his counsel rests on such authoritative, inherited guidance.

Humat-sena, speaking to a younger listener addressed as ‘tāta’, explains that what he is saying is not merely his own view: he was taught these principles by a compassionate, learned Brāhmaṇa, and the same kind of instruction had been handed down to him earlier by his forefathers.