Shloka 23
बलीन्द्रसंवादः — Kāla, Anityatā, and the Limits of Agency
Mahābhārata 12.217
परप्रत्ययसर्गे तु नियतिननिवर्तते । भावान्तप्रभवप्रज्ञा आसते ये विपर्ययम्
para-pratyaya-sarge tu niyatiḥ na nivartate | bhāvānta-prabhava-prajñā āsate ye viparyayam ||
ພີດສະມະກ່າວວ່າ: ໃນການເກີດຂຶ້ນແຫ່ງການມີຢູ່ທີ່ຖືກປັ້ນແຕ່ງໂດຍການພຶ່ງພາ “ສິ່ງອື່ນ” (ຫຼັກພຶ່ງພາ ແລະຄວາມເຫັນຈາກພາຍນອກ) ຊະຕາກຳບໍ່ຫັນກັບ. ແຕ່ຜູ້ທີ່ປັນຍາເກີດຈາກການປ່ຽນແປງແຫ່ງພາວະມີຢູ່—ຜູ້ຕັ້ງຢູ່ໃນຄວາມຮູ້ແທ້—ບໍ່ພັກຢູ່ໃນສະພາບກົງກັນຂ້າມ. ສ່ວນຜູ້ຢູ່ໃນສະພາບກົງກັນຂ້າມ ທີ່ອະວິດຍາຍັງບໍ່ຖືກກຳຈັດ ຍ່ອມຖືກຊະຕາກຳທີ່ຈັດສັນໄວ້ຂັບເຄື່ອນ ແລະວຽນວົນໃນວົງຈອນເກີດ-ຕາຍ.
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
Bhishma contrasts two conditions: those grounded in external, mistaken reliance remain bound to niyati (often understood as prārabdha-driven worldly momentum), while those whose wisdom arises from an inner transformation (true knowledge) are not held in the contrary state of error and are effectively free from bondage to the cycle of birth and death.
In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on dharma and liberation, Bhishma teaches Yudhishthira about the difference between the ignorant person who continues under the compulsion of fate and samsara, and the knower whose awakened insight breaks the binding force of karmic continuity.