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Shloka 50

Nakula–Śakuni Duel and the Night Battle; Śikhaṇḍin–Kṛpa Engagement (नकुल-शकुनियुद्धं तथा रात्रियुद्धवर्णनम्)

(धार्तराष्ट्रश्न ये मुख्या ये च मुख्या महारथा: । निहता वृष्णिवीरेण शतशो5थ सहस््रश: ।।) “दुर्योधनकी सेनामें जो मुख्य योद्धा और प्रधान महारथी थे, वे सैकड़ों और हजारोंकी संख्यामें इस वृष्णिवंशी वीरके हाथसे मारे गये हैं ।। परिश्रान्तं युधां श्रेष्ठ सम्प्राप्तो भूरिदक्षिण: । युद्धाकाड़क्षी समायान्तं नैतत्‌ सममिवार्जुन,“अर्जुन! यहाँ आता हुआ योद्धाओंमें श्रेष्ठ सात्यकि बहुत थक गया है, तो भी उनके साथ युद्ध करनेकी इच्छासे यज्ञोंमें पर्याप्त दक्षिणा देनेवाले भूरिश्रवा आये हैं। यह युद्ध समान योग्यताका नहीं है'

sañjaya uvāca |

dhārtarāṣṭrāś ca ye mukhyā ye ca mukhyā mahārathāḥ |

nihatā vṛṣṇivīreṇa śataśo 'tha sahasraśaḥ ||

pariśrāntaṃ yudhāṃ śreṣṭhaṃ samprāpto bhūridakṣiṇaḥ |

yuddhākāṅkṣī samāyāntaṃ naitat samam ivārjuna ||

ສັນຊະຍະກ່າວວ່າ: ບັນດານັກຮົບຜູ້ເປັນຫົວໜ້າຂອງພວກທາຣຕະຣາສະຕະ—ທັງຜູ້ນໍາແລະມະຫາຣະຖະຜູ້ເລີດ—ຖືກວີລະບຸລຸດແຫ່ງວຣິຊນິນີ້ສັງຫານໄປເປັນຮ້ອຍໆ ແລະພັນໆ. ແລະບັດນີ້, ໂອ ອາຣະຈຸນ, ເມື່ອສາຕະຍະກິ ຜູ້ເລີດໃນບັນດານັກຮົບ ກໍາລັງເຂົ້າມາດ້ວຍຄວາມເມື່ອຍລ້າ, ບູຣິຊຣະວາສ—ຜູ້ມີຊື່ສຽງໃນການໃຫ້ທັກສິນາຢ່າງອຸດົມໃນພິທີຍັນ—ໄດ້ເຂົ້າມາດ້ວຍຄວາມປາຖະໜາຈະສູ້ກັບເຂົາ. ການປະລະນີ້ບໍ່ເບິ່ງຄືຈະເທົ່າທຽມກັນ.

धार्तराष्ट्राःthe Dhārtarāṣṭras (sons/men of Dhṛtarāṣṭra)
धार्तराष्ट्राः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधार्तराष्ट्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
येwho
ये:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
मुख्याःchief, foremost
मुख्याः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमुख्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
येand who
ये:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
मुख्याःprincipal
मुख्याः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमुख्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
महारथाःgreat chariot-warriors
महारथाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहारथ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
निहताःslain
निहताः:
TypeVerb
Rootनि-हन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural, kta (past passive participle)
वृष्णिवीरेणby the Vṛṣṇi hero
वृष्णिवीरेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootवृष्णिवीर
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
शतशःby hundreds
शतशः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootशतशस्
अथand then / also
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
सहस्रशःby thousands
सहस्रशः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसहस्रशस्
परिश्रान्तम्exhausted
परिश्रान्तम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपरि-श्रम्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular, kta (past participle used adjectivally)
युधाम्of battles / of fighters (contextual: among warriors)
युधाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootयुध्
FormFeminine, Genitive, Plural
श्रेष्ठम्the best
श्रेष्ठम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootश्रेष्ठ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
सम्प्राप्तःhas arrived / came
सम्प्राप्तः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-प्र-आप्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, kta (past active/participial usage)
भूरिदक्षिणःBhūriśravas (lit. one of abundant gifts/fees)
भूरिदक्षिणः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभूरिदक्षिण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
युद्धाकाङ्क्षीdesiring battle
युद्धाकाङ्क्षी:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootयुद्ध-आकाङ्क्षिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
समायान्तम्coming towards (him)
समायान्तम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-आ-या
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular, śatṛ (present active participle)
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एतत्this
एतत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
समम्equal, fair
समम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसम
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
इवas if / like
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
अर्जुनO Arjuna
अर्जुन:
TypeNoun
Rootअर्जुन
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s party (Kauravas/Dhārtarāṣṭras)
V
Vṛṣṇi hero (Sātyaki)
A
Arjuna
B
Bhurishravas (Bhūriśravas)
D
Dakṣiṇā (sacrificial fee/gift)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights an ethical tension in war: even within kṣatriya combat, an encounter can be judged ‘not equal’ when one fighter is exhausted and the other presses for battle. It invites reflection on fairness, restraint, and dharma amid violence.

Sanjaya reports that Satyaki, the Vrishni warrior, has killed many leading Kaurava champions. As Satyaki approaches, worn out, Bhurishravas advances eager to fight him; Sanjaya remarks to Arjuna that the matchup appears unequal because of Satyaki’s fatigue.