Shloka 46

Devanagari script

उपधानेन दत्तेन प्रत्यनन्दद्‌ धनंजयम्‌

Transliteration

upadhānena dattena pratyanandad dhanañjayam | bhāratān sarvān ālokya yoddhāreṣṭhaḥ suhṛdām ānanda-vardhanaḥ bharata-kula-bhūṣaṇaḥ kuntīputram arjunam idaṃ vacanam abravīt ||

Translation

ສັນຊະຍະກ່າວວ່າ: ເມື່ອໄດ້ມອບໝອນໃຫ້ເຂົາ ຜູ້ນັ້ນກໍເຮັດໃຫ້ທະນັນຊະຍະ (ອາຈຸນ) ຊື່ນບານດ້ວຍຖ້ອຍຄຳຊົມເຊີຍ. ແລ້ວຈຶ່ງຫັນສາຍຕາໄປທົ່ວຫມູ່ພວກພາຣະຕະ ແລະໄດ້ກ່າວກັບອາຈຸນ ບຸດຂອງກຸນຕີ—ຜູ້ເປັນເລີດໃນຫມູ່ນັກຮົບ ຜູ້ເພີ່ມພູນຄວາມຊື່ນບານໃຫ້ມິດສະຫາຍ ແລະເປັນເກຍດຂອງວົງສາພາຣະຕະ—ດ້ວຍຖ້ອຍຄຳດັ່ງຕໍ່ໄປນີ້.

Word by Word

• उपधानेन: with/by a pillow (cushion)
• उपधानेन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: उपधान
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• दत्तेन: given
• दत्तेन: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दा (ददाति)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त), Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• प्रत्यनन्दत्: rejoiced at / welcomed / was pleased (with)
• प्रत्यनन्दत्: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्रति-आनन्द् (आनन्दयति/आनन्दति)
• Form: Imperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• धनंजयम्: Dhanañjaya (Arjuna)
• धनंजयम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: धनंजय
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Arjuna
• Dhanañjaya
• Kuntī
• Bharatas
• cushion (upadhāna)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights ethical leadership through respect and encouragement: honoring a worthy person with courteous gestures and praise strengthens allies’ morale and reinforces dharmic conduct even in a martial setting.

What is happening in the narrative?

A speaker (as reported by Sañjaya) offers Arjuna a cushion, praises him, looks over the gathered Bharatas, and then begins to address Arjuna formally, setting up the speech that follows.