Shloka 9

Pitṛ-śrāddha-haviḥ-phala-nirdeśa

Offerings for Ancestors and Their Stated Results

Devanagari script

तद्‌ वै सर्वानतिक्रम्य देवदानवराक्षसान्‌ | मानुषानथ गन्धर्वान्‌ नागानथ च पक्षिण:

Transliteration

tad vai sarvān atikramya devadānavarākṣasān | mānuṣān atha gandharvān nāgān atha ca pakṣiṇaḥ ||

Translation

ພີສະມະກ່າວວ່າ: «ລາວຈະເຫນືອກວ່າທັງປວງ—ເທວະ, ດານະວະ, ຣາກສະ, ມະນຸດ, ຄັນທັບພະ, ນາກາ, ແລະນົກ. ແລ້ວດ້ວຍອຳນາດແຫ່ງອາສະຕຣະອັນບໍ່ພາດພົ້ນ ລາວຈະສັງຫານອະສຸຣະຜູ້ນັ້ນ ຜູ້ທີ່ເຮັດໃຫ້ພວກເຈົ້າເກີດຄວາມຢ້ານ. ແລະສັດຕູອື່ນໆຂອງເທວະ ລາວກໍຈະທຳລາຍໃຫ້ສິ້ນ».

Word by Word

• तत्: that (one/thing)
• तत्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• वै: indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वै

• सर्वान्: all
• सर्वान्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• अतिक्रम्य: having overstepped/passed beyond
• Type: Verb
• Root: अति-क्रम्
• Form: क्त्वा (absolutive/gerund)

• देव: gods
• देव: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• दानव: Dānavas (demons)
• दानव: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: दानव
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• राक्षसान्: Rākṣasas
• राक्षसान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: राक्षस
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• मानुषान्: humans
• मानुषान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: मानुष
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• अथ: and then/also
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ

• गन्धर्वान्: Gandharvas
• गन्धर्वान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: गन्धर्व
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• नागान्: Nāgas (serpents)
• नागान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: नाग
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• अथ: and also
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• पक्षिणः: birds
• पक्षिणः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पक्षिन्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhishma
• Devas
• Danavas
• Rakshasas
• Humans
• Gandharvas
• Nagas
• Birds
• Asura (unnamed)
• Divine weapons (astra-shakti; implied)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse emphasizes reassurance through righteous protection: a divinely empowered agent will transcend all classes of beings and remove the source of fear by destroying forces hostile to cosmic order (deva-śatru), implying that adharma is ultimately checked by dharmic power.

What is happening in the narrative?

Bhishma is describing a powerful figure who will overcome every category of being—gods, demons, humans, and others—and will kill the particular Asura causing fear, along with other enemies of the gods.