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Shloka 21

Adhyāya 64: Dāna-prakāra—Suvarṇa, Pānīya-dāna, Ghṛta-dāna, and Upakaraṇa-dāna

Utility Gifts

यो रक्षिभ्य: सम्प्रदाय राजा राष्ट्र विलुम्पति । यज्ञे राष्ट्रादू धनं तस्मादानयध्वमिति ब्रुवन्‌

yo rakṣibhyaḥ sampradāya rājā rāṣṭraṃ vilumpati | yajñe rāṣṭrād dhanaṃ tasmād ānayadhvam iti bruvan |

ພີສະມະກ່າວວ່າ: ກະສັດຜູ້ມອບການງານໃຫ້ທະຫານອາລັກແລະຂຸນນາງແລ້ວ ກັບປົ້ນຊິງຊັບຈາກອານາຈັກຂອງຕົນ ແລະອອກຄໍາສັ່ງວ່າ “ຈົ່ງໄປເກັບເງິນຈາກປະເທດເພື່ອຍັດຍະ (yajña)” ນັ້ນ ແມ່ນການປົ້ນຊິງປະຊາຊົນໃນນາມຂອງຍັດຍະ. ແລະເມື່ອລາວເຮັດພິທີດ້ວຍຊັບທີ່ຖືກຂູ່ຂົນຂວາຍຢ່າງໂຫດຮ້າຍຕາມຄໍາສັ່ງຂອງລາວ ພິທີນັ້ນບໍ່ໄດ້ຮັບການສັນລະເສີນຈາກຜູ້ດີແລະຜູ້ຮູ້ເຫັນທັນ. ເພາະພິທີຖືກເປື້ອນດ້ວຍອະທຳ ອັນເກີດຈາກການກົດຂີ່ ບໍ່ແມ່ນຈາກທາງທີ່ຊອບທຳ.

यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
रक्षिभ्यःto the guards/protectors
रक्षिभ्यः:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootरक्षिन्
FormMasculine, Dative, Plural
सम्प्रदायhaving handed over
सम्प्रदाय:
Karana
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-प्र-दा
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage), having handed over
राजाthe king
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
राष्ट्रम्the kingdom/realm
राष्ट्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootराष्ट्र
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
विलुम्पतिplunders/robs
विलुम्पति:
TypeVerb
Rootवि-लुप्
FormPresent, Indicative, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
यज्ञेfor/in the sacrifice
यज्ञे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootयज्ञ
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
राष्ट्रात्from the kingdom
राष्ट्रात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootराष्ट्र
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
धनम्wealth/money
धनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधन
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
तस्मात्from that (place/source)
तस्मात्:
Apadana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Ablative, Singular
आनयध्वम्bring (you all)!
आनयध्वम्:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-नी
FormPresent, Imperative, Second, Plural, Ātmanepada
इतिthus/so (quotative)
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
ब्रुवन्saying
ब्रुवन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
K
king (rājā)
S
subjects/realm (rāṣṭra)
G
guards/officials (rakṣin)
S
sacrifice (yajña)
W
wealth (dhana)

Educational Q&A

A religious act (yajña) does not become meritorious merely by its outward ritual form; its moral legitimacy depends on the means by which it is funded. Wealth taken by coercion from subjects corrupts the sacrifice, and the wise do not praise such a rite.

Bhishma criticizes a ruler who orders officials to collect money from the kingdom under the pretext of performing a sacrifice. The verse condemns the king’s exploitation of subjects and states that sacrifices performed with such forcibly extracted wealth are not approved by noble persons.