Shloka 83

Chapter 2: Sudarśana Upākhyāna — Atithi-Dharma and the Conquest of Mṛtyu

Gṛhastha-Vrata

Devanagari script

एषा हि तपसा स्वेन संयुक्ता ब्रह्म॒वादिनी । पावनार्थ च लोकस्य सरिच्छेष्ठा भविष्यति

Transliteration

eṣā hi tapasā svena saṁyuktā brahmavādinī | pāvanārthaṁ ca lokasya saricchreṣṭhā bhaviṣyati ||

Translation

ພີສະມະກ່າວວ່າ: “ນາງນີ້ມີພະລັງແຫ່ງຕະປະສະຍາຂອງຕົນ ແລະເປັນຜູ້ຮູ້ແລະຜູ້ກ່າວເຖິງພຣະພຣະຫມັນ (Brahman). ເພື່ອຊໍາລະໂລກໃຫ້ບໍລິສຸດ ນາງຈະກາຍເປັນແມ່ນ້ໍາທີ່ຍິ່ງໃຫຍ່ທີ່ສຸດໃນບັນດາແມ່ນ້ໍາທັງຫມົດ”។

Word by Word

• एषा: this (woman)
• एषा: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद्
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• हि: indeed/for
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि

• तपसा: by austerity
• तपसा: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: तपस्
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• स्वेन: by her own
• स्वेन: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्व
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• संयुक्ता: endowed/connected
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सम्-युज्
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)

• ब्रह्मवादिनी: female expounder of Brahman/Veda-speaker
• ब्रह्मवादिनी: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्रह्मवादिन्
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• पावनार्थम्: for the purpose of purification
• पावनार्थम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पावनार्थ
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• लोकस्य: of the world/people
• Type: Noun
• Root: लोक
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• सरित्-श्रेष्ठा: the best of rivers
• सरित्-श्रेष्ठा: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: सरित्-श्रेष्ठ
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• भविष्यति: will become
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू
• Form: Simple Future (लृट्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhishma
• a brahmavādinī woman (unnamed in this pāda)
• the world (loka)
• a river (sarit)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Austerity (tapas) joined with spiritual insight and truthful sacred speech (brahmavāda) becomes a force of purification not only for the practitioner but for the wider world; such a person is likened to a great river that cleanses all who come into contact with it.

What is happening in the narrative?

Bhishma is describing a woman characterized as a brahmavādinī, emphasizing her ascetic power and forecasting her role as a purifier of the world, metaphorically elevating her to the status of the foremost river.