Shloka 33

धर्मनिन्दा–धर्मोपासनाफलम् तथा साध्वाचारलक्षणम्

Fruits of Disparaging vs. Observing Dharma; Marks of Good Conduct

Devanagari script

अन्निहोत्रमुपासं श्व जुद्दानश्व॒ यथाविधि । सर्वातिथ्यमुपातिष्ठन्‌ शेषान्नकृतभोजन:

Transliteration

agnihotram upāsaṁś ca juhuyād aśvaṁ yathāvidhi | sarvātithyam upātiṣṭhan śeṣānna-kṛta-bhojanaḥ ||

Translation

ພຣະມະຫາເທວະຕັດວ່າ: «ໃຫ້ເຂົາບໍລິການອັກນິໂຫຕຣະ (Agnihotra) ເປັນປະຈໍາ ແລະຖວາຍອາຫຸຕິ (ຂອງບູຊາ) ລົງໃນໄຟສັກສິດຕາມພິທີ. ຕ້ອນຮັບແຂກທຸກຄົນດ້ວຍອາຄັນຕິທີ່ຄວນ, ໃຫ້ເຂົາກິນຫຼັງຈາກໄດ້ຮັບໃຊ້ຜູ້ອື່ນແລ້ວ, ແລະໃຫ້ອາຫານຂອງເຂົາເປັນສ່ວນທີ່ເຫຼືອຈາກການຖວາຍ. ດ້ວຍວິໄນໃນໜ້າທີ່ຄົນຄອບຄົວ—ສຳລວມ, ຖ່ອມຕົນ, ແລະຊື່ສັດຕໍ່ພິທີທີ່ກໍານົດ—ເຂົາຄໍ້າຈຸນທໍາດ້ວຍຍັດຍະ, ການຄວບຄຸມຕົນ, ແລະການຮັບໃຊ້».

Word by Word

• अग्निहोत्रम्: Agnihotra rite
• अग्निहोत्रम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्निहोत्र
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• उपासेत: should perform/attend upon
• उपासेत: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: उप-आस्
• Form: Optative (Vidhi-lin), 3, Singular, Parasmaipada

• यथाविधि: according to rule
• यथाविधि: Karana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा + विधि

• सर्वातिथ्यम्: hospitality to all guests
• सर्वातिथ्यम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: सर्व + अतिथ्य
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• उपातिष्ठन्: serving/attending (upon)
• उपातिष्ठन्: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: उप-स्था
• Form: Present active participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• शेषान्नकृतभोजनः: one whose meal is made of the leftover food
• शेषान्नकृतभोजनः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शेष-अन्न-कृत-भोजन
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

श्रीमहेश्वर उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Śrī Mahādeva (Mahāśvara/Śiva)
• Agnihotra (sacred fire rite)
• Atithi (guest)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse teaches household dharma through disciplined ritual and ethics: maintain the daily fire-sacrifice as prescribed, practise universal hospitality, and eat only after fulfilling duties—ideally from the remainder after offerings and serving others—cultivating humility and restraint.

What is happening in the narrative?

Śrī Mahādeva is instructing on proper conduct (ācāra) for a householder—especially the integration of yajña (Agnihotra) with social duty (atithi-satkāra), presenting a model of righteous living grounded in Vedic rites and service.