Shloka 76

Vānaprastha-dharma and Tapas: Śiva–Umā Saṃvāda

Forest-Stage Discipline and Austerity

Devanagari script

दुर्गात्‌ ते तारयिष्यन्ति नरकात्‌ प्रपितामहान्‌ । जो मनुष्य पितरोंमें श्रद्धा रखकर संतान उत्पन्न करेंगे, वे अपने प्रपितामहोंका दुर्गम नरकसे उद्धार कर देंगे ।। पितृणां भाषितं श्रुत्वा हृष्टरोेमा तपोधन:

Transliteration

durgāt te tārayiṣyanti narakāt prapitāmahān | pitṛṇām bhāṣitaṃ śrutvā hṛṣṭaromā tapodhanaḥ ||

Translation

ສັກຣະ (Śakra) ກ່າວວ່າ: «ພວກເຂົາຈະຊ່ວຍຂ້າມພົ້ນໃຫ້ປະປິຕາມະຫາ (ປູ່ທວດ) ຂອງເຈົ້າ ຈາກອັນຕະລາຍ ແລະຈາກນະຣົກ. ບຸລຸດຜູ້ມີສັດທາຕໍ່ພິຕຣະ (Pitṛs) ແລະໃຫ້ກຳເນີດລູກຫຼານ ຈະຊ່ວຍກູ້ປູ່ທວດຂອງຕົນ ອອກຈາກນະຣົກອັນຂ້າມຍາກ»។ ເມື່ອໄດ້ຍິນຖ້ອຍຄຳກ່ຽວກັບພິຕຣະ ນັກຕະປະຜູ້ມີຕະປະຫນາແນ່ນັ້ນ ກໍປິຕິຍິນດີ ຂົນລຸກຊູ່ຂຶ້ນທົ່ວກາຍ।

Word by Word

• दुर्गात्: from difficulty/peril
• दुर्गात्: Apadana
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुर्ग
• Form: Neuter, Ablative, Singular

• ते: they (your descendants)
• ते: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्
• Form: —, Nominative, Plural

• तारयिष्यन्ति: will deliver/save
• तारयिष्यन्ति: Kriya
• Type: Verb
• Root: तॄ
• Form: Simple Future (Luṭ), Third, Plural, Parasmaipada

• नरकात्: from hell
• नरकात्: Apadana
• Type: Noun
• Root: नरक
• Form: Masculine, Ablative, Singular

• प्रपितामहान्: great-grandfathers (paternal ancestors)
• प्रपितामहान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रपितामह
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• पितृणाम्: of the fathers/manes
• पितृणाम्: Sambandha
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितृ
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Plural

• भाषितम्: the spoken words/speech
• भाषितम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: भाषित
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular, Past Passive Participle (क्त), from √भाष्

• श्रुत्वा: having heard
• श्रुत्वा: Kriya
• Type: Verb
• Root: श्रु
• Form: Absolutive (क्त्वा), —

• हृष्टरोमा: with bristling hair (thrilled)
• हृष्टरोमा: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: हृष्टरोमन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• तपोधनः: the ascetic rich in austerity (sage)
• तपोधनः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: तपोधन
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

शक्र उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Śakra (Indra)
• Pitṛs (ancestors/forefathers)
• prapitāmahāḥ (great-grandfathers)
• naraka (hell)
• tapodhana (ascetic)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Faithful continuation of lineage and reverence toward the Pitṛs is presented as a powerful dharmic act: by begetting offspring with śraddhā for the ancestors, one enables the deliverance of forefathers—even great-grandfathers—from grievous post-mortem suffering.

What is happening in the narrative?

Indra (Śakra) explains the salvific effect of progeny and ancestral faith: descendants can ‘ferry across’ their ancestors from peril/hell. After hearing this teaching about the Pitṛs, an ascetic (tapodhana) reacts with intense joy and reverence, marked by horripilation.