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Shloka 20

Gārhasthya-dharma: Vāsudeva–Pṛthivī-saṃvāda

Householder Duties and Daily Offerings

इदमस्ति गृहे महमिति नित्यं निवेदयेत्‌ । ते यद्‌ वदेयुस्तत्‌ कुर्यादिति धर्मों विधीयते

idam asti gṛhe mama iti nityaṃ nivedayet | te yad vadeyus tat kuryād iti dharmo vidhīyate |

ວາຍຸເທວະກ່າວວ່າ: «ຄວນກ່າວຢ່າງຖ່ອມຕົນເປັນນິດວ່າ ‘ສິ່ງນີ້ມີຢູ່ໃນເຮືອນຂ້ອຍ.’ ສິ່ງໃດທີ່ຜູ້ເຖົ້າຜູ້ແກ່ ຫຼືແຂກເຫຼົ່ານັ້ນກ່າວໃຫ້ເຮັດ ກໍຈົ່ງເຮັດຕາມ—ນີ້ແມ່ນກົດແຫ່ງທຳມະ. ຕາມຫຼັກຈັນຍາ ຜູ້ໃດບໍ່ຢູ່ປະຈຳໃນເຮືອນເຮົາ ຖືກເອີ້ນວ່າ ‘ອະຕິຖິ’ (atithi). ດັ່ງນັ້ນ ຕໍ່ອາຈານ, ພໍ່, ໝູ່ທີ່ໄວ້ໃຈໄດ້, ແລະແຂກ ຈົ່ງນຳສິ່ງທີ່ມີໃນເຮືອນອອກຖວາຍ ແລະເຊີນໃຫ້ຮັບໄວ້; ແລ້ວຈຶ່ງປະພຶດຕາມທີ່ພວກເຂົາຊີ້ນຳ. ດ້ວຍການປະພຶດເຊັ່ນນີ້ ຈຶ່ງຮັກສາທຳມະໄວ້ຜ່ານການຕ້ອນຮັບ, ຄວາມເຄົາລົບ, ແລະການນອບນ້ອມຕໍ່ຄຳຊີ້ນຳທີ່ຖືກຕ້ອງ».

इदम्this (thing)
इदम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
Formneuter, nominative/accusative, singular
अस्तिis/exists
अस्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
Formpresent, 3rd, singular, parasmaipada
गृहेin the house
गृहे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootगृह
Formneuter, locative, singular
ममof me / my
मम:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Formgenitive, singular
इतिthus (quotative)
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
नित्यम्always
नित्यम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनित्य
निवेदयेत्should inform/announce
निवेदयेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootनि-विद्
Formoptative (vidhi-lin), 3rd, singular, parasmaipada
तेthey
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
यत्whatever (which thing)
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
Formneuter, accusative, singular
वदेयुःthey should say / might say
वदेयुः:
TypeVerb
Rootवद्
Formoptative (vidhi-lin), 3rd, plural, parasmaipada
तत्that
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formneuter, accusative, singular
कुर्यात्should do
कुर्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
Formoptative (vidhi-lin), 3rd, singular, parasmaipada
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
धर्मःdharma / duty
धर्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
विधीयतेis prescribed/ordained
विधीयते:
TypeVerb
Rootवि-धा
Formpresent, 3rd, singular, passive (ātmanepada-form)

वायुदेव उवाच

V
Vāyudeva
A
atithi (guest)
Ā
ācārya (teacher)
P
pitā (father)
V
viśvāsapātra-mitra (trusted friend)
G
gṛha (house/home)

Educational Q&A

Dharma is fulfilled by habitual hospitality and deference: one should openly offer what is available at home to teacher, father, trusted friend, and guest, and then carry out whatever they appropriately instruct.

Vāyudeva is laying down a normative rule of conduct (ācāra): defining the guest as one not permanently residing in the household and prescribing a daily practice of respectful offering and obedient service toward key recipients of honor.