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Shloka 27

आदि पर्व, अध्याय 67 — गान्धर्वविवाह-समयः

Duḥṣanta–Śakuntalā: Gandharva Marriage and Succession Condition

भूमौ भूमिपति: क्षेष्ठो देवाधिप इति स्मृतः । शरभो नाम यस्तेषां दैतेयानां महासुर:

vaiśampāyana uvāca |

bhūmau bhūmipatiḥ śreṣṭho devādhipa iti smṛtaḥ |

śarabho nāma yas teṣāṃ daiteyānāṃ mahāsuraḥ ||

ໄວສັມປາຍະນະ ກ່າວວ່າ: “ໃນແຜ່ນດິນ ຜູ້ເປັນກະສັດທີ່ຍິ່ງທີ່ສຸດ ຖືກຈື່ຈໍາດ້ວຍສະຫຼຸບນາມ ‘ເທວາທິປະ’ (ຈອມເທວະ). ໃນບັນດາໄດຕະຍະເຫຼົ່ານັ້ນ ມີອະສຸຣະໃຫຍ່ນາມ ສະຣະພະ.” ໃນຕອນນີ້ ນິທານໄດ້ວາງກອບວ່າ ອໍານາດກະສັດໃນໂລກມະນຸດ ແມ່ນການປາກົດຂອງສາຍພັນຄອສມິກແຕ່ກ່ອນ: ອໍານາດໄດຕະຍະ–ອະສຸຣະ ຖືກເວົ້າວ່າມາເກີດເປັນກະສັດມະນຸດຜູ້ມີຊື່ສຽງ. ນັຍທາງຈັນຍາຄື: ອໍານາດໃນໂລກບໍ່ແມ່ນເກີດຂຶ້ນໂດຍບັງເອີນ—ມັນຜູກພັນກັບສະພາວະ (svabhāva) ແລະກຳເກົ່າ; ດັ່ງນັ້ນ ກະສັດຕ້ອງລະວັງ: ຄວາມຍິ່ງໃຫຍ່ອາດພາເງົາແຫ່ງການທໍາລາຍມາດ້ວຍ ຖ້າບໍ່ຖືກຄວບຄຸມໂດຍທຳ.

भूमौon the earth
भूमौ:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootभूमि
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
भूमिपतिःlord of the earth, king
भूमिपतिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभूमिपति
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
क्षेष्ठःthe best
क्षेष्ठः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootश्रेष्ठ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
देवाधिपःlord of the gods
देवाधिपः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदेवाधिप
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
स्मृतःis remembered/called
स्मृतः:
TypeVerb
Rootस्मृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, kta (past passive participle)
शरभःŚarabha (name)
शरभः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशरभ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नामby name
नाम:
TypeNoun
Rootनामन्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तेषाम्of them
तेषाम्:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
दैतेयानाम्of the Daityas
दैतेयानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootदैतेय
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
महासुरःa great Asura
महासुरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहासुर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
B
Bhūmi (earth)
D
Devādhipa (royal epithet)
D
Daiteyas
A
Asuras
Ś
Śarabha

Educational Q&A

The verse introduces a theme common in the Adi Parva: worldly sovereignty is intertwined with cosmic lineages. Great power (kingship) must be governed by dharma, because the same force that elevates a ruler can also carry Asuric tendencies—pride, aggression, and domination—unless disciplined by ethical restraint.

Vaiśampāyana begins a catalog-like account linking prominent human kings to earlier Daitya/Asura beings. This verse specifically notes that the foremost king is known by the title ‘Devādhipa’ and introduces Śarabha as a great Daitya/Asura, setting up identifications that follow in the surrounding passage.