Shloka 32

Īśvara-gītā (Adhyāya 2) — Ātma-svarūpa, Māyā, and the Unity of Sāṅkhya–Yoga

Devanagari script

यदा सर्वाणि भूतानि समाधिस्थो न पश्यति / एकीभूतः परेणासौ तदा भवति केवलः

Transliteration

yadā sarvāṇi bhūtāni samādhistho na paśyati / ekībhūtaḥ pareṇāsau tadā bhavati kevalaḥ

Translation

ເມື່ອຕັ້ງຢູ່ໃນສະມາທິ ຜູ້ນັ້ນບໍ່ເຫັນສັດທັງປວງເປັນສ່ວນແຍກອີກຕໍ່ໄປ; ເມື່ອລວມເປັນໜຶ່ງກັບພຣະສູງສຸດ ແລ້ວ ຜູ້ນັ້ນດໍາລົງເປັນ “ຜູ້ດຽວ” ໃນໄກວັນຍະ (kaivalya) ອິດສະລະແຫ່ງຄວາມໂດດດ່ຽວ.

Word by Word

• yadā: when
• yadā: Kāla (कालः)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yadā (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (when)

• sarvāṇi: all
• sarvāṇi: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sarva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गः, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, बहुवचनम्; अत्र द्वितीया (object-qualifier)

• bhūtāni: beings
• bhūtāni: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhūta (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गः, द्वितीया, बहुवचनम्; कर्म

• samādhi-sthaḥ: abiding in samādhi
• samādhi-sthaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: samādhi (प्रातिपदिक) + stha (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा, एकवचनम्; उपपद-तत्पुरुषः ‘standing/abiding in samādhi’; विशेषणम्

• na: not
• na: Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेधः)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेधार्थक-अव्यय (negation particle)

• paśyati: sees
• paśyati: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: paś (धातु)
• Form: लट्, प्रथमपुरुषः, एकवचनम्; परस्मैपदम्

• ekī-bhūtaḥ: become one
• ekī-bhūtaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ekī (प्रातिपदिक) + bhūta (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा, एकवचनम्; कर्मधारयः ‘become one/unified’; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त from √bhū

• pareṇa: with the Supreme
• pareṇa: Karaṇa (करणम्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: para (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, तृतीया, एकवचनम्; करण/सहकारि (instrumental: ‘with/by the Supreme/other’)

• asau: that one (he)
• asau: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: adas (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा, एकवचनम्; सर्वनाम

• tadā: then
• tadā: Kāla (कालः)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tadā (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (then)

• bhavati: becomes
• bhavati: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: bhū (धातु)
• Form: लट्, प्रथमपुरुषः, एकवचनम्; परस्मैपदम्

• kevalaḥ: alone/pure
• kevalaḥ: Guṇa (गुणः)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: kevala (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा, एकवचनम्; विशेषणम् (predicate adjective)

Speaker

Lord Kurma (Vishnu) teaching in the Ishvara Gita context

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Characters & Entities

• Lord Kurma
• Para (Supreme Reality)
• Samadhi
• Kaivalya

More Details (3 sections)

FAQs

How does this verse explain the nature of the Supreme Self (Atman)?

It presents liberation as non-dual absorption: when separative perception of “all beings” ceases in samādhi, the practitioner is described as unified with the Para (Supreme), indicating the Self’s ultimate identity with the highest reality rather than a merely individual standpoint.

What Yoga or Meditative practices are highlighted here?

The verse highlights samādhi as the decisive yogic attainment—an absorptive stillness where objectified perception drops away. In the Kurma Purana’s Pashupata-leaning framework, this implies disciplined meditation and inner withdrawal culminating in non-dual realization (kaivalya).

How does this verse depict the relationship between Shiva and Vishnu?

By emphasizing union with the Para beyond duality, the teaching supports the Kurma Purana’s Shaiva–Vaishnava synthesis: the Supreme spoken by Kurma (Vishnu) is the same transcendent reality revered as Ishvara/Rudra in Shaiva idiom—one truth expressed through complementary names.