मित्रादात्मवृद्धिं हि प्राप्नोति क्षयव्ययप्रवासपरोपकारानितरः ॥ कZ_०७.८.१८ ॥
mitrād ātmavṛddhiṃ hi prāpnoti kṣayavyaya-pravāsa-paropakārān itaraḥ
ຈາກມິດ ຄົນເຮົາໄດ້ຮັບຄວາມເຈີຣິນຂອງຕົນແທ້ໆ; ແຕ່ອີກຝ່າຍ (ບໍ່ແມ່ນມິດ) ນຳມາການພິນາດ, ຄ່າໃຊ້ຈ່າຍ, ການພະເນຈອນ/ຖືກຂັບໄລ່, ແລະ “ການຊ່ວຍເຫຼືອ” ທີ່ຮັບໃຊ້ຜົນປະໂຫຍດຂອງຄົນອື່ນ।
Alliances should be evaluated by measurable state-gain (power, revenue, security), not by sentiment; a friend is defined by net positive strategic outcomes.
As a bundle of strategic negatives: depletion (kṣaya), fiscal drain (vyaya), strategic displacement (pravāsa), and ‘assistance’ that primarily benefits others (paropakāra).