Sutra 11

Devanagari script

पितृपैतामहो नित्यो वश्यस्तुष्टभृतपुत्रदारः प्रवासेष्वविसंवादितः सर्वत्राप्रतिहतो दुःखसहो बहुयुद्धः सर्वयुद्धप्रहरणविद्याविशारदः सहवृद्धिक्षयिकत्वादद्वैध्यः क्षत्रप्राय इति दण्डसम्पत् ॥ कZ_०६.१.११ ॥

Transliteration

pitṛpaitāmaho nityo vaśyas tuṣṭabhṛtaputradāraḥ pravāseṣv avisaṃvāditaḥ sarvatrāpratihato duḥkhasaho bahuyuddhaḥ sarvayuddhapraharaṇavidyāviśāradaḥ sahavṛddhikṣayikatvād advaidhyaḥ kṣatraprāya iti daṇḍasampat

Translation

ຄຸນຄ່າຄວາມເລີດຂອງອໍານາດບັງຄັບ (ດັນດະ) ມີດັ່ງນີ້: ເປັນມໍລະດົກແລະຖາວອນ (ຕໍ່ເນື່ອງໃນຖານະສະຖາບັນ); ມີວິໄນແລະຄວບຄຸມໄດ້; ມີກອງທັບພໍໃຈ ໂດຍໄດ້ຈັດຫາການດໍາລົງຊີວິດໃຫ້ແກ່ຜູ້ພຶ່ງພາ (ລູກແລະເມຍ); ເຊື່ອຖືໄດ້ແມ່ນແຕ່ເມື່ອອອກໄປປະຈໍາການໄກບ້ານ; ປະຕິບັດງານໄດ້ທຸກບ່ອນໂດຍບໍ່ຖືກຂັດຂວາງ; ອົດທົນຕໍ່ຄວາມລໍາບາກ; ມີປະສົບການໃນສົງຄາມຫຼາຍຄັ້ງ; ຊໍານານໃນທຸກຮູບແບບການຮົບແລະອາວຸດ; ບໍ່ງ່າຍຈະແຕກແຍກ ຫຼືລັງເລ ເນື່ອງຈາກແບ່ງປັນທັງກໍາໄລແລະຂາດທຶນ; ແລະສ່ວນໃຫຍ່ປະກອບດ້ວຍນັກຮົບທີ່ຝຶກຝົນ—ນີ້ແມ່ນ “ດັນດະ-ສຳປັດ”.

Word by Word

पितृपैतामहःhereditary (coming from father and grandfather)

नित्यःconstant, permanent

वश्यःamenable, obedient, controllable

तुष्टभृतपुत्रदारःone whose servants, sons, and wife/wives are contented

प्रवासेषुduring absences / while away (on journeys)

अविसंवादितःnot deceitful; not one who breaks trust/agreements

सर्वत्रeverywhere, in all situations

अप्रतिहतःunobstructed, unrepulsed, undefeated

दुःखसहःenduring hardship

बहुयुद्धःexperienced in many battles

सर्वयुद्धप्रहरणविद्याविशारदःskilled in all kinds of warfare and in the sciences/techniques of weapons

सहtogether with; owing to

वृद्धिincrease, prosperity

क्षयिकत्वात्because of being liable to decline/decay

अद्वैध्यःnot wavering; not double-minded; not in a state of divided loyalty

क्षत्रप्रायःpredominantly kshatriya-like; mostly martial in character

इतिthus

दण्डसम्पत्the excellence/qualification of coercive power (danda)

Entities Mentioned

daṇḍa (coercive power/army)

bhṛta (paid troops)

FAQs

What is the governance logic behind providing for soldiers’ families?

It reduces desertion and disloyalty, increases morale, and ties the army’s interests to the stability of the state.

How does ‘sahavṛddhikṣayikatvāt advaidhyaḥ’ function as a loyalty mechanism?

When the force shares both rewards and hardships with the ruler/state, it has fewer incentives to factionalize or switch allegiance.