Arthashastra — Adhyakshaprachara, Sutra 32

Devanagari script

पिष्टमामं कुल्माषाश्चाध्यर्धगुणाः ॥ कZ_०२.१५.३२ ॥

Transliteration

piṣṭam āmaṃ kulmāṣāś cādhy-ardha-guṇāḥ

Translation

ແປ້ງດິບ (piṣṭa; ບໍ່ໄດ້ອົບ/ບໍ່ໄດ້ປຸງ) ແລະ kulmāṣa (ເມັດທັນຍາ/ຖົ່ວທີ່ຕົ້ມ ຫຼື ແຊ່) ຕ້ອງນັບເປັນ 1.5 ເທົ່າ.

Word by Word

• पिष्टम्: pounded/ground (flour-like, crushed)
• Type: Participle (Verbal adjective)
• Root: पिष्
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past passive participle) ‘पिष्ट’

• आमम्: raw, uncooked
• Type: Adjective/Noun
• Root: आम
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन; विशेषणरूपेण ‘कच्चम्/अपक्वम्’

• कुल्माषाः: kulmāṣa (a coarse boiled/soaked grain or pulse preparation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुल्माष
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा बहुवचन

• च: and
• Type: Particle
• Root: च
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक अव्यय

• अध्यर्धगुणाः: one-and-a-half times in quantity/value (having 1.5 times the ‘guṇa’)
• Type: Noun (with prefixal modifier)
• Root: गुण
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा बहुवचन; ‘अध्यर्ध’ (= 1½) इति संख्याविशेषणपूर्वकः समासः

Entities Mentioned

• raw flour (piṣṭa āma)
• kulmāṣa

More Details

FAQs

Why would prepared items get a multiplier rather than a deduction?

Because processing and preparation embed labor/fuel costs and change bulk/serving equivalence; the multiplier standardizes value/issue in state accounts.