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Skanda Purana — Brahma Khanda, Shloka 77

Devanagari script

वाग्देवी धृतवल्लकी शतमखो वेणुं दधत्पद्मजस्तालोन्निद्रकरो रमा भगवती गेयप्रयोगान्विता । विष्णुः सांद्रमृदंगवादनपटुर्देवाः समंतात्स्थिताः सेवंते तमनु प्रदोषसमये देवं मृडानीपतिम्

Transliteration

vāgdevī dhṛtavallakī śatamakho veṇuṃ dadhatpadmajastālonnidrakaro ramā bhagavatī geyaprayogānvitā | viṣṇuḥ sāṃdramṛdaṃgavādanapaṭurdevāḥ samaṃtātsthitāḥ sevaṃte tamanu pradoṣasamaye devaṃ mṛḍānīpatim

Translation

ವಾಗ್ದೇವಿ ವೀಣೆಯನ್ನು ಧರಿಸುತ್ತಾಳೆ, ಶತಮಖ (ಇಂದ್ರ) ವೇಣುವನ್ನು ಹಿಡಿದಿರುತ್ತಾನೆ, ಪದ್ಮಜ (ಬ್ರಹ್ಮ) ಕೈಗಳನ್ನು ಎತ್ತಿ ತಾಳ ನೀಡುತ್ತಾನೆ, ಭಗವತಿ ರಮಾ (ಲಕ್ಷ್ಮೀ) ಗಾಯನಪ್ರಯೋಗಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ನಿಪುಣೆ; ವಿಷ್ಣು ಘನ ಮೃದಂಗವಾದನದಲ್ಲಿ ಪಟು, ದೇವರುಗಳು ಸುತ್ತಮುತ್ತ ನಿಂತಿದ್ದಾರೆ—ಹೀಗೆ ಪ್ರದೋಷಸಮಯದಲ್ಲಿ ಅವರು ಮೃಡಾನೀಪತಿ ದೇವನನ್ನು ಸೇವಿಸುತ್ತಾರೆ.

Word by Word
vāk-devīthe goddess of speech (Sarasvatī)
vāk-devī:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootvāk+devī (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; समासः वाक्+देवी (कर्मधारयः)
dhṛta-vallakīholding a vīṇā
dhṛta-vallakī:
Karta (Agent-qualifier/कर्ता-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootdhṛta+vallakī (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; समासः धृत+वल्लकी (बहुव्रीहिः: 'she who holds a lute')
śatamakhaḥŚatamakha (Indra)
śatamakhaḥ:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootśatamakha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; बहुव्रीहिः (इन्द्रः: 'he of a hundred sacrifices')
veṇumflute
veṇum:
Karman (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootveṇu (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
dadhatholding
dadhat:
Karta (Agent-qualifier/कर्ता-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootdhṛ (धातु)
Formशतृ-प्रत्ययान्त (present active participle), पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; (शतमुखः इति विशेषणम्)
padmajaḥPadmaja (Brahmā)
padmajaḥ:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootpadma+ja (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; समासः पद्म+ज (तत्पुरुषः: 'lotus-born' = Brahmā)
tāla-unnidra-karaḥwith hands raised for rhythm
tāla-unnidra-karaḥ:
Karta (Agent-qualifier/कर्ता-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Roottāla+unnidra+kara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; समासः ताल+उन्निद्र+कर (बहुव्रीहिः: 'whose hands are raised for keeping time')
ramāRamā (Lakṣmī)
ramā:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootramā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
bhagavatīthe blessed goddess
bhagavatī:
Karta (Subject-qualifier/कर्ता-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootbhagavatī (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; (रमा इति विशेष्यस्य)
geya-prayoga-anvitāendowed with musical renditions
geya-prayoga-anvitā:
Karta (Agent-qualifier/कर्ता-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootgeya+prayoga+anvita (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; समासः गेय+प्रयोग (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः) + अन्विता (तत्पुरुषः: 'endowed with musical performance')
viṣṇuḥViṣṇu
viṣṇuḥ:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootviṣṇu (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
sāṃdra-mṛdaṃga-vādana-paṭuḥskilled at playing the resonant mṛdaṅga
sāṃdra-mṛdaṃga-vādana-paṭuḥ:
Karta (Agent-qualifier/कर्ता-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsāṃdra+mṛdaṃga+vādana+paṭu (प्रातिपदik)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; समासः सांद्र+मृदङ्ग (कर्मधारयः) + वादन (तत्पुरुषः) + पटु (तत्पुरुषः: 'skilled in playing the deep mṛdaṅga')
devāḥthe gods
devāḥ:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootdeva (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
samantāton all sides
samantāt:
Sambandha (Adverbial/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsamantāt (अव्यय)
Formदेशवाचक-अव्यय (adverb: on all sides)
sthitāḥstanding
sthitāḥ:
Karta (Agent-qualifier/कर्ता-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsthā (धातु) + ta (कृत्)
Formभूतकृदन्त (past participle), पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; (देवाḥ इति विशेषणम्)
sevanteserve/attend
sevante:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootsev (धातु)
Formलट्, आत्मनेपद, प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन
tamhim
tam:
Karman (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, पुल्लिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
anufollowing/attending
anu:
Sambandha (Particle/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootanu (अव्यय)
Formउपसर्ग/अव्यय (postposition: after/along; here: in accordance/attending)
pradoṣa-samayeat pradoṣa time
pradoṣa-samaye:
Adhikarana (Time/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootpradoṣa-samaya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; समासः प्रदोष+समय (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः)
devamthe god
devam:
Karman (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootdeva (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
mṛḍānī-patimhusband of Mṛḍānī (Śiva)
mṛḍānī-patim:
Karman (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootmṛḍānī+pati (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; समासः मृडानी+पति (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः)
Speaker

Unknown (devotional narrator within Brahmottarakhaṇḍa)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Kailāsa (as archetype for Pradoṣa worship everywhere)

Type: peak

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A celestial concert around Śiva at Pradoṣa: Sarasvatī with vīṇā, Indra with flute, Brahmā keeping tāla, Lakṣmī singing, Viṣṇu playing mṛdaṅga; devas encircle, all serving Śiva, Pārvatī nearby.

Characters & Entities
Ś
Śiva (Mṛḍānīpati)
P
Pārvatī (Mṛḍānī)
S
Sarasvatī
I
Indra
B
Brahmā
L
Lakṣmī (Ramā)
V
Viṣṇu
D
Devas

FAQs

Pradoṣa is exalted as a supreme devotional moment: even the highest deities express reverence by serving Śiva.

No earthly tīrtha is specified; the verse depicts a celestial liturgy around Śiva, strengthening the māhātmya of Pradoṣa.

Implied: worship Śiva at Pradoṣa with music, song, and devoted attendance (sevā/bhakti).

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