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Shloka 20

Nāgeśa-jyotirliṅga-prādurbhāvaḥ — The Manifestation of the Nāgeśa Jyotirliṅga

तथैव स्थीयते चेद्वै भक्ष्यते किं परस्परम् । दुःखं हि सर्वथा जातं क एनं विनिवारयेत्

tathaiva sthīyate cedvai bhakṣyate kiṃ parasparam | duḥkhaṃ hi sarvathā jātaṃ ka enaṃ vinivārayet

ಇದೇ ರೀತಿಯಾಗಿ ಮುಂದುವರಿದರೆ ಜೀವಿಗಳು ಪರಸ್ಪರ ಏಕೆ ಭಕ್ಷಿಸಬೇಕು? ಎಲ್ಲೆಡೆ ದುಃಖವೇ ಉಂಟಾಗಿದೆ; ಇದನ್ನು ಯಾರು ತಡೆಯಬಲ್ಲರು (ಈ ಪರಸ್ಪರ ಹಿಂಸೆ ಇರುವವರೆಗೆ)?

tathāthus
tathā:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottathā (अव्यय)
FormAdverb (प्रकारवाचक-अव्यय): ‘thus/in that manner’
evaindeed/just
eva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
FormParticle (निपात): emphasis
sthīyateone remains/it is stayed
sthīyate:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootsthā (धातु)
FormPresent (लट्), Passive (कर्मणि), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)
cetif
cet:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/condition)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootcet (अव्यय)
FormConditional particle (शर्तबोधक-अव्यय): ‘if’
vaiindeed
vai:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvai (अव्यय)
FormEmphatic particle (निपात)
bhakṣyateis eaten/will be eaten
bhakṣyate:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootbhakṣ (धातु)
FormPresent (लट्), Passive (कर्मणि), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)
kimwhat
kim:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootkim (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormInterrogative pronoun (किम्), Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative/Accusative (प्रथमा/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
parasparameach other
parasparam:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootparaspara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormReciprocal adverbial accusative (परस्परम्): used as avyaya-like ‘each other/mutually’
duḥkhamsorrow
duḥkham:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootduḥkha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative/Accusative (प्रथमा/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
hiindeed/for
hi:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi (अव्यय)
FormParticle (निपात)
sarvathāin every way
sarvathā:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsarvathā (अव्यय)
FormAdverb (प्रकारवाचक-अव्यय): ‘in every way’
jātamhas arisen/occurred
jātam:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootjan (धातु) + kta (क्त)
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative/Accusative (प्रथमा/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
kaḥwho
kaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootkim (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormInterrogative pronoun (किम्), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)
enamthis (it)
enam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootidam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPronoun (इदम्), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग) or Neuter by context; Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular (एकवचन)
vinivārayetcould prevent/stop
vinivārayet:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvi-ni-vṛ (धातु)
FormOptative (विधिलिङ्), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)

Suta Goswami (narrating the puranic discourse to the sages, consistent with Kotirudra Saṃhitā framing)

Tattva Level: pashu

FAQs

The verse points to a core Shaiva ethical insight: when beings live by mutual consumption and harm, duḥkha becomes universal and self-perpetuating. Spiritual progress requires restraint and a turn toward dharma, so the heart becomes fit for Shiva’s grace (anugraha) and liberation.

Linga-worship is not only external ritual but an inner reorientation from violence and agitation to śānti and self-control. Approaching Saguna Shiva as the compassionate Lord implies embodying His dharmic qualities—reducing harm, cultivating purity, and seeking refuge in Shiva rather than in predatory impulses.

A practical takeaway is to adopt a vrata of restraint (saṃyama)—non-harming, moderation, and japa of the Panchakshara (“Om Namaḥ Śivāya”)—especially on Mahāśivarātri, supported by simple worship with bhasma/tripuṇḍra and prayer for inner purification.