Shloka 15

Devanagari script

ततो मांससमायुक्तो वायसः पर्यतुण्डयत्।तमहं लोष्टमुद्यम्य वारयामिस्म वायसम्।।5.38.15।।

Transliteration

tato māṃsasamāyukto vāyasaḥ paryatuṇḍayat |

tamahaṃ loṣṭam udyamya vārayāmisma vāyasam || 5.38.15 ||

Translation

ಆಗ ಮಾಂಸಲೋಭಿಯಾದ ಕಾಗವು ನನ್ನನ್ನು ಚುಚ್ಚುತ್ತಾ ಕಚ್ಚತೊಡಗಿತು; ನಾನು ಮಣ್ಣಿನ ಗುಡ್ಡೆಯನ್ನು ಎತ್ತಿ ಆ ಕಾಗವನ್ನು ಓಡಿಸಲು ಯತ್ನಿಸಿದೆ.

Word by Word

• tataḥ: then
• tataḥ: Kāla-adhikaraṇa (काल-अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tataḥ (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (adverb of sequence)

• māṃsa-samāyuktaḥ: carrying/with meat
• māṃsa-samāyuktaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: māṃsa (मांस) + sam-ā-√yuj (सम्+आ+युज् धातु) + kta (क्त)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास: मांससम्-आयुक्तः; कृदन्त (क्त), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; qualifying vāyasaḥ

• vāyasaḥ: the crow
• vāyasaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vāyasa (वायस प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• paryatuṇḍayat: pecked at / kept pecking around
• paryatuṇḍayat: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pari-√tuṇḍ (परि+तुण्ड् धातु)
• Form: लङ् (imperfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद

• tam: him (that one)
• tam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (तद् सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• aham: I
• aham: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (अस्मद् सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा, एकवचन

• loṣṭam: a clod (of earth)
• loṣṭam: Karma (कर्म) (object of udyamya)
• Type: Noun
• Root: loṣṭa (लोष्ट प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• udyamya: having lifted
• udyamya: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ud-√yam (उद्+यम् धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), ‘having lifted/raising’

• vārayāmi: I stop/ward off
• vārayāmi: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √vṛ (वृ धातु; causative वारयति)
• Form: लट् (present), उत्तमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद; causative ‘I ward off/stop’

• sma: indeed/used to (marker)
• sma: Kriyā-sahakārī (क्रिया-सहकारी)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: sma (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (particle), past-habitual marker with present/imperfect

• vāyasam: the crow
• vāyasam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vāyasa (वायस प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

Context

'My upper cloth was slipping. I was trying to pull up my waist string angrily when you saw me.

Characters & Entities

• Sītā
• crow (vāyasa/kāka)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma includes self-protection and seeking rightful protection when harmed; Sītā first uses minimal force (a clod) to prevent injury.

What is the narrative situation?

Sītā begins recounting the crow episode—an intrusion and harm that becomes a test of protection and justice.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Sītā’s restraint and practical courage—she responds without cruelty, aiming to stop harm.