Shloka 59

Devanagari script

ततो भुक्तवतां तेषां विप्राणामिल्वलोऽब्रवीत्।।।।वातापे निष्क्रमन्वेति स्वरेण महता वदन्।

Transliteration

tato bhuktavatāṃ teṣāṃ viprāṇām ilvalo 'bravīt ||

vātāpe niṣkramaṇ veti svarena mahatā vadan |

Translation

ನಂತರ ಆ ಬ್ರಾಹ್ಮಣರು ಭೋಜನ ಮುಗಿಸಿದಾಗ, ಇಲ್ವಲನು ಮಹಾ ಧ್ವನಿಯಲ್ಲಿ ಹೇಳಿದನು: “ವಾತಾಪಿ, ಹೊರಗೆ ಬಾ!”

Word by Word

• ततः: then
• ततः: अधिकरण (temporal)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; कालवाचक क्रियाविशेषण

• भुक्तवताम्: of those who had eaten
• भुक्तवताम्: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation to viprāṇām)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: भुक्तवत् (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √भुज्)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, षष्ठी (सम्बन्ध), बहुवचन; क्तवत्-प्रत्ययान्त (past active participle) used as adjective

• तेषाम्: of those
• तेषाम्: सम्बन्ध (Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, षष्ठी, बहुवचन

• विप्राणाम्: of the brahmins
• विप्राणाम्: सम्बन्ध (Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विप्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, षष्ठी, बहुवचन

• इल्वलः: Ilvala
• इल्वलः: कर्ता
• Type: Noun
• Root: इल्वल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• अब्रवीत्: said
• अब्रवीत्: क्रिया (main verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ब्रू (धातु)
• Form: लङ्-लकार (Imperfect/Past), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• वातापे: O Vatapi
• वातापे: सम्बोधन (address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वातापि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (Vocative/सम्बोधन), एकवचन

• निष्क्रम: come out
• निष्क्रम: क्रिया (imperative)
• Type: Verb
• Root: निस्-√क्रम् (धातु)
• Form: लोट्-लकार (Imperative), परस्मैपद, मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन; (छान्दस/आदेशरूप)

• वै: indeed
• वै: निपात
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वै (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निपात (emphatic particle)

• इति: thus
• इति: वाक्यचिह्न (quotative marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; उद्धरण/वाक्यसमाप्ति-निपात (quotative)

• स्वरेण: with a voice
• स्वरेण: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्वर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, तृतीया (करण), एकवचन

• महता: loud, great
• महता: करण (qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (of स्वरेण)

• वदन्: saying
• वदन्: कर्ता (concomitant action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वद् (धातु)
• Form: शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमान कृदन्त, प्रथमा एकवचन, पुल्लिङ्ग

Context

Then when the brahmins finished eating, Ilvala would call aloud, 'O Vatapi! come out'.

Characters & Entities

• Ilvala
• Vātāpi
• vipra (brahmins)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse illustrates adharma through betrayal of hospitality: harming guests after feeding them violates truth, trust, and sacred guest-protection norms.

What is the narrative situation?

After the brahmins eat, Ilvala summons Vātāpi to emerge—revealing the trap’s final step.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

By negative example, it stresses the virtue of non-violence and honesty; dharma rejects deceitful exploitation of the righteous.