Shloka 18

Adhyaya 53 — Rudrasarga and the Measure of the Manvantaras: Svayambhuva Manu, Priyavrata’s Line, and the Seven Dvipas

Sanskrit

शाल्मलेस्तु वपुष्मन्तं ज्योतिष्मन्तं कुशाह्वये ।

क्रौञ्चद्वीपे द्युतिमन्तं भव्यं शाकाह्वयेश्वरम् ॥

Transliteration

śālmalestu vapuṣmantaṃ jyotiṣmantaṃ kuśāhvaye |

krauñcadvīpe dyutimantaṃ bhavyaṃ śākāhvayeśvaram ||

Translation

ಶಾಲ್ಮಲದ್ವೀಪದಲ್ಲಿ ವಪುಷ್ಮಾನನ್ನು, ಕುಶ ಎಂಬ ದ್ವೀಪದಲ್ಲಿ ಜ್ಯೋತಿಷ್ಮಾನನ್ನು, ಕ್ರೌಂಚದ್ವೀಪದಲ್ಲಿ ದ್ಯುತಿಮಾನನ್ನು, ಮತ್ತು ಶಾಕ ಎಂಬ ದ್ವೀಪದ ಅಧಿಪತಿಯಾಗಿ ಭವ್ಯನನ್ನು ನೇಮಿಸಿದನು.

Word by Word

• शाल्मलेः: of Śālmali (island)
• शाल्मलेः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/possessive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शाल्मलि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive), एकवचन; (शाल्मलिद्वीपस्य)

• तु: and/but
• तु: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: विरोध/अन्वय-अव्यय (particle: 'but/indeed')

• वपुष्मन्तम्: Vapuṣmān
• वपुष्मन्तम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वपुष्मत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• ज्योतिष्मन्तम्: Jyotiṣmān
• ज्योतिष्मन्तम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ज्योतिष्मत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• कुशाह्वये: in Kuśāhvaya (named Kuśa)
• कुशाह्वये: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/locative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुश + आह्वय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (कुशस्य आह्वयः)

• क्रौञ्चद्वीपे: in Krauñcadvīpa
• क्रौञ्चद्वीपे: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/locative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्रौञ्चद्वीप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (क्रौञ्चस्य द्वीपः)

• द्युतिमन्तम्: Dyutimān
• द्युतिमन्तम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्युतिमत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• भव्यम्: Bhavya
• भव्यम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भव्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• शाकाह्वयेश्वरम्: lord of Śākāhvaya
• शाकाह्वयेश्वरम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शाक + आह्वय + ईश्वर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (शाकाह्वयस्य ईश्वरः)

Speakers

• Narrative cosmography (dvīpa assignments)

Primary Deities

• Priyavrata

Key Themes

• Cosmology
• Geography
• Genealogy
• Regional rulership

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The Purāṇa treats geography as a dharmic mandate: rulers are assigned to maintain order across differentiated realms, suggesting duty varies with domain.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Cosmography (bhūgola/bhuvana description) integrated with Vaṃśānucarita (rulers’ appointments).

What is the esoteric significance?

The repeated ‘-āhvaya’ (named/called) underscores that naming is a form of ordering—language and authority together stabilize the cosmos in Purāṇic thought.