Markandeya Purana — Adhyaya 15, Shloka 12

Adhyaya 15 — Karmic Retribution: Rebirths After Naraka and the King’s Compassion in Hell

Sanskrit

प्रधर्षयित्वा कामात्मा शूकरो जायते नरः । यज्ञ-दान-विवाहानां विघ्रकर्त्ता भवेत् कृमिः ॥

Transliteration

pradharṣayitvā kāmātmā śūkaro jāyate naraḥ / yajña-dāna-vivāhānāṃ vighrakartā bhavet kṛmiḥ

Translation

ಕಾಮವೇಗದಿಂದ ಸ್ತ್ರೀಯನ್ನು ಲಂಘಿಸಿದ ಪುರುಷನು ವರಾಹವಾಗಿ ಜನ್ಮ ಹೊಂದುತ್ತಾನೆ. ಯಜ್ಞ, ದಾನ ಮತ್ತು ವಿವಾಹಗಳನ್ನು ತಡೆಯುವವನು ಹುಳುವಾಗಿ ಜನ್ಮ ಪಡೆಯುತ್ತಾನೆ.

Word by Word

• प्रधर्षयित्वा: having violated/assaulted
• प्रधर्षयित्वा: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र + √धर्ष् (धातु) + त्वा (क्त्वा-प्रत्यय)
• Form: क्त्वान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund/absolutive), पूर्वकाल (having done)

• कामात्मा: one whose nature is lustful
• कामात्मा: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: काम (प्रातिपदिक) + आत्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• शूकरः: a boar
• शूकरः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शूकर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• जायते: is born/becomes
• जायते: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √जन् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, आत्मनेपद

• नरः: a man
• नरः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• यज्ञ-दान-विवाहानाम्: of sacrifices, gifts, and marriages
• यज्ञ-दान-विवाहानाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक) + दान (प्रातिपदिक) + विवाह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (collective sense), षष्ठी (Genitive), बहुवचन (plural)

• विघ्र-कर्त्ता: an obstacle-maker/hinderer
• विघ्र-कर्त्ता: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विघ्र/विघ्न (प्रातिपदिक) + कर्तृ (प्रातिपदिक/कृदन्त-आधार)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्तृवाचक (agent noun: 'one who makes')

• भवेत्: would become
• भवेत्: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √भू (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद

• कृमिः: a worm
• कृमिः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कृमि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

Speakers

• Not specified in input (didactic narration)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "bhayānaka", "secondaryRasa": "śānta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Sexual ethics
• Protection of social-religious institutions
• Karma and rebirth

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Private vice (sexual violation) and public sabotage (blocking yajña/dāna/vivāha) are both condemned: the former for harming persons, the latter for harming the sustaining institutions of dharma.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Ancillary dharma/karma-vipāka instruction, not a pancalakṣaṇa narrative segment.

What is the esoteric significance?

Boar imagery can signify being ruled by appetite; ‘worm’ signifies a life of obstruction and decay—mirroring the inner tendency to corrode communal good.