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Shloka 16

Varṇāśrama-ācāra and Vikarma: Yudhiṣṭhira’s Inquiry on Safe Dharmas (शिवधर्मप्रश्नः)

श्रेष्ठ आश्रम गार्हस्थ्यमें निवास करनेवाले द्विजोंके लिये महर्षिगण यह कर्तव्य बताते हैं कि वह स्त्री और पुत्रोंका भरण-पोषण तथा वेदशास्त्रोंका स्वाध्याय करे ।।

evaṁ hi yo brāhmaṇo yajñaśīlo gārhasthyam adhyāvasate yathāvat | gṛhasthavṛttiṁ praviśodhya samyak svarge viśuddhaṁ phalam āpnute saḥ ||

ಭೀಷ್ಮನು ಹೇಳಿದನು—ಶ್ರೇಷ್ಠ ಗಾರ್ಹಸ್ಥ್ಯಾಶ್ರಮದಲ್ಲಿ ವಾಸಿಸುವ ದ್ವಿಜರಿಗೆ ಮಹರ್ಷಿಗಳು ಈ ಕರ್ತವ್ಯವನ್ನು ವಿಧಿಸುತ್ತಾರೆ: ಪತ್ನಿ ಮತ್ತು ಪುತ್ರರ ಭರಣಪೋಷಣೆ ಮಾಡುವುದು ಹಾಗೂ ವೇದ-ಶಾಸ್ತ್ರಗಳ ನಿಯಮಬದ್ಧ ಸ್ವಾಧ್ಯಾಯವನ್ನು ನಡೆಸುವುದು. ಸ್ವಭಾವತಃ ಯಜ್ಞಪರಾಯಣನಾಗಿ ವಿಧಿಪೂರ್ವಕವಾಗಿ ಗೃಹಸ್ಥಧರ್ಮವನ್ನು ಆಚರಿಸುವ ಬ್ರಾಹ್ಮಣನು ತನ್ನ ಜೀವನೋಪಾಯ ಮತ್ತು ಆಚರಣೆಯನ್ನು ಸಮ್ಯಕವಾಗಿ ಶುದ್ಧಿಗೊಳಿಸಿ ಸ್ವರ್ಗದಲ್ಲಿ ನಿರ್ಮಲ, ನಿಷ್ಕಲಂಕ ಫಲವನ್ನು ಪಡೆಯುತ್ತಾನೆ।

एवम्thus, in this manner
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
हिindeed, for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ब्राह्मणःa Brahmin
ब्राह्मणः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यज्ञशीलःhabitually performing sacrifices
यज्ञशीलः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootयज्ञशील
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
गार्हस्थ्यम्the householder state
गार्हस्थ्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगार्हस्थ्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अध्यावसतेdwells in, undertakes (lives as)
अध्यावसते:
TypeVerb
Rootअधि-आ-√वस्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada
यथावत्properly, as prescribed
यथावत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथावत्
गृहस्थवृत्तिम्the conduct/means of livelihood of a householder
गृहस्थवृत्तिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगृहस्थवृत्ति
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
प्रविशोध्यhaving thoroughly purified
प्रविशोध्य:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-वि-√शुध्
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada/Atmanepada-neutral (gerund)
सम्यक्completely, rightly
सम्यक्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसम्यक्
स्वर्गेin heaven
स्वर्गे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootस्वर्ग
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
विशुद्धम्pure
विशुद्धम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootविशुद्ध
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
फलम्fruit, result
फलम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootफल
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
आप्नुतेattains, obtains
आप्नुते:
TypeVerb
Root√आप्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
B
brāhmaṇa
G
gṛhastha (householder)
S
svarga (heaven)
Y
yajña (sacrifice)
V
Veda
Ś
śāstra
W
wife
C
children
M
mahārṣi (sages)

Educational Q&A

Householder life is praised as an excellent āśrama when lived according to rule: one should support dependents (wife and children), maintain disciplined study of Veda/śāstra, and keep one’s livelihood and conduct pure; such a life yields a ‘pure fruit’ (viśuddha-phala), described here as heavenly merit.

In Śānti Parva, Bhīṣma instructs Yudhiṣṭhira on dharma. In this passage he explains the sages’ view of gṛhastha-dharma, emphasizing sacrifice-oriented living, responsible maintenance of family, and purification of one’s means of living as the basis for meritorious results.