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Shloka 40

Kośa, Bala, and Maryādā: Treasury, Capacity, and Enforceable Limits (कोश-बल-मर्यादा)

उपमामत्र वक्ष्यामि धर्मतत्त्वप्रकाशिनीम्‌ । यूपं छिन्दन्ति यज्ञार्थ तत्र ये परिपन्थिन:

upamām atra vakṣyāmi dharmatattvaprakāśinīm | yūpaṃ chindanti yajñārthaṃ tatra ye paripanथinaḥ ||

ಇಲ್ಲಿ ನಾನು ಧರ್ಮತತ್ತ್ವವನ್ನು ಪ್ರಕಾಶಿಸುವ ಒಂದು ಉಪಮೆಯನ್ನು ಹೇಳುತ್ತೇನೆ. ಯಜ್ಞಾರ್ಥವಾಗಿ ಯೂಪವನ್ನು ನಿರ್ಮಿಸಲು ಅವರು ಒಂದು ಮರವನ್ನು ಕಡಿದು ಬೀಳಿಸುತ್ತಾರೆ; ಆ ಕಾರ್ಯದಲ್ಲಿ ದಾರಿಯನ್ನು ತಡೆಯುವ ಅಡ್ಡಿಗಳನ್ನು ಕೂಡ ಕಡಿದು ಹಾಕುತ್ತಾರೆ.

उपमाम्simile, comparison
उपमाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootउपमा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
अत्रhere
अत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअत्र
वक्ष्यामिI shall speak/tell
वक्ष्यामि:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormSimple Future (Luṭ), First, Singular, Parasmaipada
धर्मतत्त्वप्रकाशिनीम्revealing the truth/principle of dharma
धर्मतत्त्वप्रकाशिनीम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootधर्मतत्त्वप्रकाशिनी
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
यूपम्sacrificial post
यूपम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootयूप
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
छिन्दन्तिthey cut
छिन्दन्ति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootछिद्
FormPresent (Laṭ), Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
यज्ञार्थम्for the sake of sacrifice
यज्ञार्थम्:
Prayojana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयज्ञार्थ
तत्रthere, in that context
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
येwho, those who
ये:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
परिपन्थिनःobstructors, those who stand in the way
परिपन्थिनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपरिपन्थिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
Y
yajña
Y
yūpa
T
tree (vṛkṣa)
F
forest plants/vegetation (vanaspati)

Educational Q&A

Bhīṣma uses a ritual analogy to show that actions undertaken for a chosen end (even a sacred one) can produce unavoidable secondary harm; therefore dharma must be understood with attention to consequences, not merely intention.

Bhīṣma begins an illustrative comparison: to make a sacrificial post, people cut a tree and, while extracting it, also cut obstructing trees; the falling trees further damage other plants—an image of cascading effects caused by a single purposeful act.