Shloka 7

Daṇḍa-svarūpa-nirūpaṇa

The Nature, Forms, and Function of Daṇḍa

Devanagari script

नित्यं रक्षितमन्त्र: स्वाद यथा मूक: शरच्छिखी । श्लक्ष्णाक्षरतनु: श्रीमान्‌ भवेच्छास्त्रविशारद:,जैसे शरद-ऋतुका मोर बोलता नहीं, उसी प्रकार राजाको भी मौन रहकर सदा राजकीय गुप्त विचारोंको सुरक्षित रखना चाहिये। वह मधुर वचन बोले, सौम्य-स्वरूपसे रहे, शोभासम्पन्न होवे और शास्त्रोंका विशेष ज्ञान प्राप्त करे

Transliteration

nityaṃ rakṣita-mantraḥ svāda-yathā mūkaḥ śaracchikhī | ślakṣṇākṣara-tanuḥ śrīmān bhavec chāstra-viśāradaḥ ||

Translation

ಭೀಷ್ಮನು ಹೇಳಿದರು—ರಾಜನು ನಿತ್ಯವೂ ತನ್ನ ಗುಪ್ತಮಂತ್ರವನ್ನು ಕಾಪಾಡಬೇಕು; ಶರದೃತುವಿನಲ್ಲಿ ಕೂಗದ ನವಿಲಿನಂತೆ ರಾಜ್ಯರಹಸ್ಯವನ್ನು ಬಹಿರಂಗಪಡಿಸದೆ ಮೌನವಾಗಿರಬೇಕು. ಮಧುರವಾಗಿ ಮಾತನಾಡಬೇಕು, ಸೌಮ್ಯ ಹಾಗೂ ಸಂಸ್ಕೃತ ನಡತೆಯನ್ನು ಪಾಲಿಸಬೇಕು, ಗೌರವ-ಪ್ರಭೆಯಿಂದ ಯುಕ್ತನಾಗಿರಬೇಕು ಮತ್ತು ಶಾಸ್ತ್ರಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ಆಳವಾದ ಪಾಂಡಿತ್ಯ ಹೊಂದಬೇಕು.

Word by Word

• {'nityam': 'always, constantly', 'rakṣita-mantraḥ': 'one whose counsel/secret deliberations are protected

• guarding confidential policy', 'mantra': 'counsel, secret plan, state deliberation (not merely a sacred mantra)', 'mūkaḥ': 'silent, mute', 'śarad': 'autumn season', 'śikhī (śaracchikhī)': 'peacock (lit. ‘crested one’)

• here ‘the autumn-peacock’', 'svāda': 'sweetness

• pleasantness (of speech/utterance)', 'yathā': 'just as', 'ślakṣṇa': 'smooth, gentle, refined', 'akṣara': 'syllable/letter

• speech', 'tanuḥ': 'body

• demeanor', 'śrīmān': 'possessed of splendor, dignity, prosperity', 'bhavet': 'should be, ought to become', 'śāstra-viśāradaḥ': 'expert in the treatises

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhīṣma
• rājā (the king)
• śaracchikhī (autumn peacock)
• mantra (royal counsel/state secret)
• śāstra (authoritative treatises)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

A ruler must practice disciplined silence regarding confidential policy, while cultivating sweet and refined speech, dignified conduct, and strong learning in śāstra—combining discretion with ethical communication and competence.

What is happening in the narrative?

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on rājadharma, Bhīṣma advises Yudhiṣṭhira on ideal royal behavior, using the image of the ‘silent autumn peacock’ to stress the protection of state secrets and the king’s cultivated demeanor.